Centro Interdisciplinario de Bioética
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Validation of the Mexican version of the Schedule of Attitudes Toward Hastened Death in patients undergoing palliative care in Mexico

2023 , Rodríguez-Mayoral, Oscar , Galindo-Vázquez, Oscar , Espinoza-Bello, Marcos , Allende-Pérez, Silvia , Pascual-Ramos, Virginia , Monforte-Royo, Cristina

Objectives The Schedule of Attitudes Toward Hastened Death (SAHD) has emerged as a valid and reliable tool to assess the wish to hasten death (WTHD) among patients diagnosed with advanced cancer; however, the instrument has never been culturally adapted and validated for patients in Mexico. This study sought to validate and abbreviate the SAHD tool for use among patients attending the Palliative Care Service of the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología in Mexico. Methods The SAHD was culturally adapted from a previously published validation in patients from Spain. Eligible patients included Spanish literate subjects treated as outpatients in the Palliative Care Service, with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-3. Patients were asked to answer the Mexican version of SAHD (SAHD-Mx) instrument and the Brief Edinburgh Depression Scale (BEDS). Results A total of 225 patients were included in the study. Median positive response in the SAHD-Mx was 2 (range 0-18). Positive correlation was identified between the SAHD-Mx scale and ECOG performance status (r = 0.188, p = 0.005), as well as BEDS (r = 0.567, p < 0.001). SAHD-Mx displayed strong internal consistency (alpha = 0.85) and adequate reliability from test-retest phone interviews (r = 0.567, p < 0.001). Using the confirmatory factor analysis model, a factor was identified and the number of items was reduced to 6, including items 4, 5, 9, 10, 13, and 18. Significance of results The SAHD-Mx emerges as an adequate tool, with appropriate psychometric characteristics, for assessing WTHD among patients diagnosed with cancer undergoing palliative care in Mexico.. © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press.

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Personal attitudes and denialist views about the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: a national survey

2022 , Sisto, Antonella , Quintiliani, Livia , Vicinanza, Flavia , Fabris, Silvia , Campanozzi, Laura Leondina , Curcio, Giuseppe , Michilli, Mirta , Molina, Alfonso , Ghilardi, Giampaolo , Manazza, Andrea , Lauri, Gaetano , Gentile, Rocco , Perciaccante, Antonio , De Micco, Francesco , Navarini, Luca , Velázquez, Lourdes , Picozzi, Mario , Ricci, Giovanna , Piacquadio, Flora , Maioni, Melissa , Ermili, Fabio , Tambone, Mario , Chelucci, Gian Luca , Ciccozzi, Massimo , Tambone, Vittoradolfo

Since COVID-19 began to spread, hypotheses about the possible causes of the disease and its treatment have increased worldwide, engenedering fears and concerns. This context of uncertainty, as well as the great changes that people were forced to accept in their daily lives, have challenged the general population, affecting public opinion and collective imagination inevitably, with also a negative impact on compliance with public health policies. This study explored the personal attitudes towards the COVID-19 pandemic and their association with denial stances in the Italian context. The aim was to address the relevance of these phenomena and in what guise they are present in relation to the grounds supporting them, as an avenue to be more effective in public health under different domains. An online questionnaires was set out to survey the general population over 18 throughout the Italian country, including students and health professionals, to offer geographic and professional diversity. General population was also stratified based on their direct or indirect experience of COVID-19, whilst health participants were recruited with regard to their involvement in a COVID centre. A total of 2110 questionnaire were filled out between December 2020 and April 2021. Of the participants, 85.45% completely disagree with the possibility that COVID-19 is not real and that the cultural, social and economic system wanted us to believe otherwise, whereas 69% had doubts about what has been claimed to date about the existence of COVID-19. Trust in institutions and types of COVID-19 experience affected these beliefs. The results also show that stress, anxiety, sadness, and vulnerability increased as compared to the pre-COVID- 19 pandemic timeframe. The fundings of this national survey revealed how much behaviors based on social responsibility and rational prudence are important for defensing human life. ©Medicina e Morale

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Implementation of an Ethics Committee in a University Mental Health Clinic

2023 , Azcárraga Quiza, Mariana Estefanía , Derive, Stéphanie

Mental disorders in university students are very frequent, therefore higher education institutions have established in-campus mental healthcare centres. These clinics have particular characteristics that differ from other mental health centres, as they report to and represent an educational institution, while at the same time looking after the interests and well-being of patients requesting assistance, thus generating unique bioethical conflicts. Ethics Committees are useful tools to offer support to mental health professionals in making ethical decisions. In order to respond to these issues, it was decided that an Ethics Committee would be created in the mental health clinic of a private university in Mexico City. This article describes the implementation process for this Committee, its duties and scope, as well as the case work and review methodology. A list of the most frequent ethical conflicts is attached, jointly with the ethical analysis of the cases treated throughout the year and a half or work by the Committee.

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Reflexión bioética interdisciplinaria en torno a la edición genética con CRISPR-Cas en línea germinal en el contexto del transhumanismo

2019-02-13 , Aspe-Armella, Virginia , Derive, Stéphanie , González del Rincón, María de Lourdes , Ramírez-García, Hugo , Ross, Alberto , Ruiz-Gómez, Leonardo , Casas Martínez, María de la Luz Lina , Ibarra Soto, Diana

El propósito de este trabajo es explicar algunas de las implicaciones que conlleva la utilización de la técnica CRISPR-Cas en línea germinal con fines no terapéuticos, en el contexto del transhumanismo. Después de dar una breve explicación sobre la naturaleza de esta técnica, se ofrece el estado de la cuestión en lo referente a la normativa internacional vigente. Posteriormente, se observan las consecuencias que tiene el desarrollo de esta técnica en el marco del proyecto transhumanista y se ofrece una reflexión jurídica, una política y una antropológica sobre las mismas. ©2019 Open Insight, Centro de Investigación Social Avanzada.

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