Laks, André

Preferred name

Laks, André

Alternative Name

alaks

Main Affiliation

ORCID

0000-0001-5812-1831

Scopus Author ID

57204537868

Researcher ID

FGO-2748-2022

Now showing 1 - 10 of 21

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Schleiermacher on Plato: From Form (Introduction to Plato’s Works) to Content (Outlines of a Critique of Previous Ethical Theory)
(Brill, 2019)
Plato was a major point of reference and important intellectual tool for numerous post-Kantian thinkers struggling to overcome Kant’s transcendental ideal ism, with its unwelcome division between the unknowable “thing in itself” and what the object is “for us” under the conditions of experience. Yet nowhere—not in Schlegel, Schelling, Humboldt, or Hegel—does Plato occupy a more central, stable, or elaborate place than in the work of Friedrich Schleiermacher.Interpreters have often spoken of Schleiermacher’s “Platonism”. While the exact implications of this general label need to be specified, it does capture the fact that Schleiermacher’s references to Plato throughout his philosophical works are numerous and usually very positive—indeed, always, when the first principles of philosophy are at stake. This is especially the case in his Discourses on Religion; his lectures on Dialectic, on Ethics, and Aesthetics; in various lectures given at the Berlin Academy; and most densely in the work I shall examine here in some detail, the Outlines of a Critique of Previous Ethical Theory (Grundlinien einer Kritik bisherigen Sittenlehre). ©The autor ©Brill
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Plato’s Second Republic: AN ESSAY ON THE LAWS
(2022-01-01)
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Around a hinge (Parmenides B8.50-61 DK = D8.55-66LM). A posthumous discussion with Jean Bollack
(2024-07-01)
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The Concept of Presocratic Philosophy: Its Origin, Development, and Significance
(Princeton University Press, 2018)
When we talk about Presocratic philosophy, we are speaking about the origins of Greek philosophy and Western rationality itself. But what exactly does it mean to talk about “Presocratic philosophy” in the first place? How did early Greek thinkers come to be considered collectively as Presocratic philosophers? In this brief book, André Laks provides a history of the influential idea of Presocratic philosophy, tracing its historical and philosophical significance and consequences, from its ancient antecedents to its full crystallization in the modern period and its continuing effects today. Laks examines ancient Greek and Roman views about the birth of philosophy before turning to the eighteenth-century emergence of the term “Presocratics” and the debates about it that spanned the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. He analyzes the intellectual circumstances that led to the idea of Presocratic philosophy—and what was and is at stake in the construction of the notion. The book closes by comparing two models of the history of philosophy—the phenomenological, represented by Hans-Georg Gadamer, and the rationalist, represented by Ernst Cassirer—and their implications for Presocratic philosophy, as well as other categories of philosophical history. Other figures discussed include Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Diogenes Laertius, Schleiermacher, Hegel, Nietzsche, Max Weber, and J.-P. Vernant. Challenging standard histories of Presocratic philosophy, the book calls for a reconsideration of the conventional story of early Greek philosophy and Western rationality. ©The autor © Princeton University Press.
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Diogenes Laertius’ Life of Pythagoras
(2014)
We know very little about Diogenes Laertius as a person. One recent hypothesis is that his surname refers to his birthplace (the city of Laerte in Caria or Cilicia), but other interpreters prefer to think – on the basis of a controversial indication in his text – that he was born (and lived) in Nicaea in Bithynia; it is also generally admitted on the basis of the scanty and mostly negative internal evidence that he lived and worked at the beginning of the third century AD: the last philosophers he mentions are Sextus Empiricus (active c. 190 AD) and his disciple Saturninus, and the most recent source he refers to is Favorinus of Arelate. This approximate date helps us appreciate the chapter he devotes to Pythagoras at the beginning of Book 8 of his Lives (as I shall abbreviate the work known as Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers), for it allows us to relate Diogenes’ treatment of Pythagoras to two philosophical movements deeply indebted to Pythagoreanism, i.e. Neopythagoreanism and Neoplatonism.
Scopus© Citations 9 14 2
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Historiographies de la philosophie ancienne. Neuf études
(Les Belles-Lettres, 2021)
Les études réunies dans ce livre reprennent des travaux publiés de manière dispersée entre 1989 et 2014. Elles considèrent neuf moments significatifs de la réception philosophique de la philosophie et des philosophes antiques du XVIIIe au XXe siècle. Anaximandre, Héraclite, Parménide, Platon, les Cyniques, mais aussi les traditions doxographiques qui ont modelé leurs images, sont pris dans l?espace complexe où la philosophie et ses historiens croisent tant les théories de l?histoire que les pratiques philologiques. L?unité du propos est assurée non seulement par une trame chronologique, allant de Brucker à Kant, de Kant à Schleiermacher et aux Néokantiens, de Burckhardt à Nietzsche, de Nietzsche à Heidegger et Gadamer, et de la philosophie elle-même à la psychologie historique de Vernant, mais aussi par l?attention qui est portée, dans chaque cas, aux tensions et équilibres intellectuels et disciplinaires mis en jeu. La question générale est celle des critères et de la légitimité des actualisations qui guident la recherche historique. L?ensemble constitue ainsi, à partir d?un domaine spécialisé, une contribution à un domaine de recherche, l?historiographie de la philosophie, dont un critique pouvait encore dire en 1991 qu?' il n?y a guère de discipline dont la procédure est historique où l?investissement exigé en matière de théorie et de méthodologie soit plus réduit ', mais qui a connu au cours de ces dernières années d?importants développements. On peut penser que la voie est désormais ouverte à une discussion interdisciplinaire et interculturelle de grande ampleur et portée. ©The author. ©Les Belles-Lettres.
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What Is Pre-Socratic Ethics?
(2017)
The field of ancient Greek ethics is increasingly emerging as a major branch of philosophical enquiry, and students and scholars of ancient philosophy will find this Companion to be a rich and invaluable guide to the themes and movements which characterised the discipline from the Pre-Socratics to the Neo-Platonists. Several chapters are dedicated to the central figures of Plato and Aristotle, and others explore the ethical thought of the Stoics, the Epicureans, the Skeptics, and Plotinus. Further chapters examine important themes that cut across these schools, including virtue and happiness, friendship, elitism, impartiality, and the relationship between ancient eudaimonism and modern morality. Written by leading scholars and drawing on cutting-edge research to illuminate the questions of ancient ethics, the book will provide students and specialists with an indispensable critical overview of the full range of ancient Greek ethics. ©2017 Cambridge University Press.
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Objet-sujet. Observations préliminaires sur les démarches de Jean Bollack et de Peter Szondi Introduit par Franz Kaltenbeck
(2017)
Jean Bollack (1923-2012), l’helléniste et interprète de la lyrique moderne (spécialement de Paul Celan), et Peter Szondi (1929-1971), le germaniste, sont liés par une réflexion sur le statut et les ressources de la philologie. Le projet était, dans l’un et l’autre cas, de rétablir le lien entre critique et herméneutique, distendu tant par la réduction tendancielle, dès le xixe siècle, de la philologie à la critique textuelle que, plus récemment, par la confiscation de l’herméneutique par l’herméneutique philosophique dérivée de Heidegger et éminemment représentée par Gadamer. L’article explicite, à travers une confrontation sommaire des deux trajectoires intellectuelles de Bollack et de Szondi, ce que recouvre, chez Bollack, les notions d’« herméneutique critique » et d’« historisation radicale » par lesquelles il en était venu à caractériser sa démarche, et à la distinguer de celle de Szondi.
Scopus© Citations 1 7 2
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Jacob the Cynic: Philosophers and Philosophy in Jacob Burckhardt’s Griechische Culturgeschichte Get access Arrow
(Oxford University Press, 2020)
Jacob Burckhardt, the famous historian of Renaissance and Greek culture that Nietzsche highly appreciated, famously said that ‘What is of interest to [him] is not so much to see how far the Greeks took philosophy as to see how far philosophy took them.’ The phrase encapsulates the fascinating tension that pervades Burckhardt’s attitude towards Greek philosophy: whereas he was fundamentally hostile to philosophical doctrines, in particular because philosophers were themselves doctrinally hostiles to art, he also highly praised philosophy in as much as the embodiment of one of the great achievements of Greek culture, the development of the ‘free personality’. This explains why the Cynics, with little doctrine and much life, were his preferred philosophers. ©The author ©Oxford University Press
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Souls and Cosmos before Plato : Five Short Doxographical Studies
(Cambridge University Press, 2021)
This article shows how two basic meanings of psukhē – namely ‘breath’ and ‘life’– may have helped Platonising or for that matter Stoicising doxographers to lend to various pre-Platonic philosophers the view that the world is ‘ensouled’. I do not try to systematically reconstruct how these cosmo-philosophers conceived the relationship between the world and what was to become ‘the soul’. I do suggest, however, that framing the problem in terms of ‘breath’ and ‘life’ helps us in getting a more adequate understanding both of the authentic evidence and of the history of its reception. Indeed, to the extent that it is possible, I try to reconstruct the interpretive steps that led, with various degrees of legitimacy, from the original wording to its Platonising or Stoicising deformations, which remain all too often the framework of analysis in modern interpretations. Five case studies are considered: Thales, Anaximenes, Heraclitus, some Pythagoreans and Alcmeon. ©The author. ©Cambridge University Press.
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Laks, André

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