Now showing 1 - 10 of 31
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    Novel genome-wide associations for age-related macular degeneration in the sarcoglycan-sarcospan protein complex
    (2020)
    Asaf Calderon, Andrea Michelle
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    Dewan, Andrew
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    Ramírez, Israel
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    Zepeda-Palacio, Claudia
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    Palacio, Claudia
    Purpose : Since the advent of genomic approaches, many chromosomal regions and polymorphisms have been associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, most of the disease variability might not be still captured by current researched genetic markers due to power issues. We have evidence that at least one component of the sarcoglycan-sarcospan protein complex (Sg-Sspn) gene is associated with increased odds of geographic atrophy (GA) AMD. Moreover, the retina of the knocked-out mouse model for the Sg-Sspn phenotypically resembles GA. Here, we aimed to explore the genome-wide association of the Sg-Sspn complex gene regions with AMD.
      19  2
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    A new de novo mutation in a non-hot spot region at the DMD gene in a Mexican family
    (2015)
    Luna-Angulo, A. B.
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    Gómez-Díaz, B.
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    Escobar-Cedillo, R. E.
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    Anaya-Segura, M. A.
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    In this report we present the analysis of a sporadic case of DMD and his family. In the present case, a deletion of exons 18-47 is presented which predicts abolition of the reading frame and is located between the well-known deletion hot spots of the DMD gene. This mutation was not previously reported in the Leiden database (LOVD). Both MLPA and segregation analysis with short tandem repeat markers elucidated the status of the mother, sister and the younger brother of the proband, who were not carriers of the mutation. This case provides a description of a new pathogenic variant presented as de novo mutation in a DMD patient. Haplotype analysis and complete gene screening may improve genetic counseling in cases of germline mosaicism and de novo mutations.
      6  1
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    Altered calcium pump and secondary deficiency of γ-sarcoglycan and microspan in sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes isolated from δ-sarcoglycan knockout mice
    (2010)
    Solares-Pérez, Alhondra
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    Álvarez, Rocío
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    Crosbie, Rachelle H.
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    Vega-Moreno, Jesús
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    Medina-Monares, Joel
    Sarcoglycans (SGs) and sarcospan (SSPN) are transmembrane proteins of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex. Mutations in the genes encoding SGs cause many inherited forms of muscular dystrophy. In this study, using purified membranes of wild-type (WT) and δ-SG knockout (KO) mice, we found the specific localization of the SG-SSPN isoforms in transverse tubules (TT) and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membranes. Immunoblotting revealed that the absence of δ-SG isoforms in TT and SR results in a secondary deficiency of γ-SG and μSPN. Our results showed augmented ATP hydrolytic activity, ATP-dependent calcium uptake and passive calcium efflux, probably through SERCA1 in KO compared to WT mice. Furthermore, we found a conformational change in SERCA1 isolated from KO muscle as demonstrated by calorimetric analysis. Following these alterations with mechanical properties, we found an increase in force in KO muscle with the same rate of fatigue but with a decreased fatigue recovery compared to WT. Together our observations suggest, for the first time, that the δ-SG isoforms may stabilize the expression of γ-SG and μSPN in the TT and SR membranes and that this possible complex may play a role in the maintenance of a stable level of resting cytosolic calcium concentration in skeletal muscle.
    Scopus© Citations 11  11  1
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    Lack of Delta-Sarcoglycan (Sgcd) Results in Retinal Degeneration
    (2019)
    Peralta-Ildefonso, Martha Janneth
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    Ramírez-Sánchez, Israel
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    Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of central vision loss and severe blindness among the elderly population. Recently, we reported on the association of the SGCD gene (encoding for δ-sarcoglycan) polymorphisms with AMD. However, the functional consequence of Sgcd alterations in retinal degeneration is not known. Herein, we characterized changes in the retina of the Sgcd knocked-out mouse (KO, Sgcd−/−). At baseline, we analyzed the retina structure of three-month-old wild-type (WT, Sgcd+/+) and Sgcd−/− mice by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, assessed the Sgcd-protein complex (α-, β-, γ-, and ε-sarcoglycan, and sarcospan) by immunofluorescence (IF) and Western blot (WB), and performed electroretinography. Compared to the WT, Sgcd−/− mice are five times more likely to have retinal ruptures. Additionally, all the retinal layers are significantly thinner, more so in the inner plexiform layer (IPL). In addition, the number of nuclei in the KO versus the WT is ever so slightly increased. WT mice express Sgcd-protein partners in specific retinal layers, and as expected, KO mice have decreased or no protein expression, with a significant increase in the α subunit. At three months of age, there were no significant differences in the scotopic electroretinographic responses, regarding both a- and b-waves. According to our data, Sgcd−/− has a phenotype that is compatible with retinal degeneration. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
    Scopus© Citations 5  30  2
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    Brief inflammatory profile after femtosecond laser-assisted pretreatment in nuclear cataract surgery
    (2020)
    Palacio, Claudia
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    Antonio-Aguirre, Bani
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    Mendoza Velásquez, Cristina
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    Camacho-Ordóñez, Azyadeh
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    Purpose : Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) is an FDA-approved treatment with increasing popularity. So far, there are no studies assessing the inflammatory response to FLACS corneal incision, anterior capsulorhexis, and nuclear fragmentation before phacoemulsification in patients exclusively diagnosed with nuclear cataracts. Here, we measured key inflammatory markers in the aqueous humor of patients exposed to femtosecond laser pretreatment. Methods : We performed a cross-sectional study of 67 patients diagnosed with nuclear cataract (LOCS III NO3) undergoing surgery. Of those, 34 were exposed to femtosecond laser pretreatment. At the beginning of the surgery, we collected aqueous humor samples under sterile conditions through a side-port incision. Samples were collected 8 minutes after laser treatment. We measured PgE2 by competitive ELISA, IL-1 β, and IL-6 through cytometric bead arrays. We performed bivariate and stratified analysis in SAS v.9.4. ©Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
      33  1
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    Assessment of CFH and HTRA1 polymorphisms in age-related macular degeneration using classic and machine-learning approaches
    (2020)
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    Antonio-Aguirre, Bani
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    Palacio-Pastrana, Claudia
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    CFH: and HTRA1 are pivotal genes driving increased risk for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) among several populations. Here, we performed a hospital-based case-control study to evaluate the effects of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among Hispanics from Mexico. Materials and methods: 122 cases and 249 controls were genotyped using Taqman probes. Experienced ophthalmologists diagnosed AMD following the American Association of Ophthalmology guidelines. We studied CFH (rs1329428, rs203687) and HTRA1 (rs11200638) SNPs thoroughly by logistic regression models (assuming different modes of inheritance) and machine learning-based methods (ML). HTRA1: rs11200638 is the most significant polymorphism associated with AMD in our studied population. In a multivariate regression model adjusted for clinically and statistically meaningful covariates, the A/G and A/A genotypes increased the odds of disease by a factor of 2.32 and 7.81, respectively (P < .05) suggesting a multiplicative effect of the polymorphic A allele. Furthermore, this observation remains statistically meaningful in the allelic, dominant, and recessive models, and ML algorithms. When stratifying by phenotype, this polymorphism was significantly associated with increased odds for geographic atrophy (GA) in a recessive mode of inheritance (12.4, p < .05). Conclusions: In sum, this work supports a strong association between HTRA1 genetic variants and AMD in Hispanics from Mexico, especially with GA. Moreover, ML was able to replicate the results of conventional biostatistics methods unbiasedly. © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
    Scopus© Citations 2  51  1
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    Detección de una mutación en el gen KCNQ1 (KvLQT1) causante de síndrome de Jervell, Lange-Nielsen en una familia mexicana
    (2006-07)
    Márquez, Manlio F.
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    Hernández-Pacheco, Guadalupe
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    Fabregat, Juan R.
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    Pérez-Vielma, Nadia
    Antecedentes: Los síndromes de QT largo son enfermedades hereditarias causadas por mutaciones en los genes que codifican las proteínas de los canales iónicos transmembranales de sodio o potasio. Se han encontrado más de 200 mutaciones en por lo menos seis genes. El síndrome de Jervell y Lange-Nielsen (JLN) es la variedad recesiva de la enfermedad y se asocia con sordera congénita. Estudios recientes sugieren correlaciones fenotipo-genotipo con implicaciones importantes para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de este padecimiento. Métodos: En el presente trabajo se analizó el gen KCNQ1 (KvLQTl) en una familia mexicana afectada por síndrome de JLN, utilizando el método de secuenciación automática. © Archivos de Cardiología de México
    Scopus© Citations 7  13  2
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    Pharmacological Treatments and Therapeutic Targets in Muscle Dystrophies Generated by Alterations in Dystrophin-Associated Proteins
    (2024)
    Alexandra Luna-Angulo
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    Carlos Landa-Solís
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    Rosa Elena Escobar-Cedillo
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    Laura Sánchez-Chapul
    <jats:p>Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases of genetic origin characterized by progressive skeletal muscle degeneration and weakness. There are several types of MDs, varying in terms of age of onset, severity, and pattern of the affected muscles. However, all of them worsen over time, and many patients will eventually lose their ability to walk. In addition to skeletal muscle effects, patients with MDs may present cardiac and respiratory disorders, generating complications that could lead to death. Interdisciplinary management is required to improve the surveillance and quality of life of patients with an MD. At present, pharmacological therapy is only available for Duchene muscular dystrophy (DMD)—the most common type of MD—and is mainly based on the use of corticosteroids. Other MDs caused by alterations in dystrophin-associated proteins (DAPs) are less frequent but represent an important group within these diseases. Pharmacological alternatives with clinical potential in patients with MDs and other proteins associated with dystrophin have been scarcely explored. This review focuses on drugs and molecules that have shown beneficial effects, mainly in experimental models involving alterations in DAPs. The mechanisms associated with the effects leading to promising results regarding the recovery or maintenance of muscle strength and reduction in fibrosis in the less-common MDs (i.e., with respect to DMD) are explored, and other therapeutic targets that could contribute to maintaining the homeostasis of muscle fibers, involving different pathways, such as calcium regulation, hypertrophy, and maintenance of satellite cell function, are also examined. It is possible that some of the drugs explored here could be used to affordably improve the muscular function of patients until a definitive treatment for MDs is developed.</jats:p>
      4
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    The Relevance of Cataract as a Risk Factor for Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Machine Learning Approach
    (2019)
    Miralles-Pechuán, Luis
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    Zenteno, Juan Carlos
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    Pérez Ortiz, Andric Christopher
    Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual dysfunction and irreversible blindness in developed countries and a rising cause in underdeveloped countries. There is a current debate on whether or not cataracts are significant risk factors for AMD development. In particular, research regarding this association is so far inconclusive. For this reason, we aimed to employ here a machine-learning approach to analyze the relevance and importance of cataracts as a risk factor for AMD in a large cohort of Hispanics from Mexico. We conducted a nested case control study of 119 cataract cases and 137 healthy unmatched controls focusing on clinical data from electronic medical records. Additionally, we studied two single nucleotide polymorphisms in the CFH gene previously associated with the disease in various populations as positive control for our method. We next determined the most relevant variables and found the bivariate association between cataracts and AMD. Later, we used supervised machine-learning methods to replicate these findings without bias. To improve the interpretability, we detected the five most relevant features and displayed them using a bar graph and a rule-based tree. Our findings suggest that bilateral cataracts are not a significant risk factor for AMD development among Hispanics from Mexico. © 2019 by the authors.
    Scopus© Citations 1  49  1
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    Pharmacogenetics of taxane‐induced neurotoxicity in breast cancer: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
    (2022)
    Guijosa, Alberto
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    Freyria, Ana
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    Espinosa‐Fernández, José Rodrigo
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    Antonio‐Aguirre, Bani
    Taxane-based chemotherapy regimens are used as first-line treatment for breast cancer. Neurotoxicity, mainly taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy (TIPN), remains the most important dose-limiting adverse event. Multiple genes may be associated with TIPN; however, the strength and direction of the association remain unclear. For this reason, we systematically reviewed observational studies of TIPN pharmacogenetic markers in breast cancer treatment. We conducted a systematic search of terms alluding to breast cancer, genetic markers, taxanes, and neurotoxicity in Ovid, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, Virtual Health, and Web of Science. We assessed the quality of evidence and bias profile. We extracted relevant variables and effect measures. Whenever possible, we performed random-effects gene meta-analyses and examined interstudy heterogeneity with meta-regression models and subgroup analyses. This study follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and STrengthening the REporting of Genetic Association Studies (STREGA) reporting guidance. A total of 42 studies with 19,431 participants were included. These evaluated 262 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across 121 genes. We conducted meta-analyses on 23 genes with 60 SNPs (19 studies and 6246 participants). Thirteen individual SNPs (ABCB1-rs2032582, ABCB1-rs3213619, BCL6/-rs1903216, /CAND1-rs17781082, CYP1B1-rs1056836, CYP2C8-rs10509681, CYP2C8-rs11572080, EPHA5-rs7349683, EPHA6-rs301927, FZD3-rs7001034, GSTP1-rs1138272, TUBB2A-rs9501929, and XKR4-rs4737264) and the overall SNPs' effect in four genes (CYP3A4, EphA5, GSTP1, and SLCO1B1) were statistically significantly associated with TIPN through meta-analysis. In conclusion, through systematic review and meta-analysis, we found that polymorphisms, and particularly 13 SNPs, are associated with TIPN, suggesting that genetics does play a role in interindividual predisposition. Further studies could potentially use these findings to develop individual risk profiles and guide decision making.
    Scopus© Citations 7  34  2