Velázquez, Lourdes
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Velázquez, Lourdes
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Velázquez González, Lourdes
Alternative Name
lvelazquezg
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57197793226
Researcher ID
AHB-2747-2022

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Personal attitudes and denialist views about the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: a national survey

2022 , Sisto, Antonella , Quintiliani, Livia , Vicinanza, Flavia , Fabris, Silvia , Campanozzi, Laura Leondina , Curcio, Giuseppe , Michilli, Mirta , Molina, Alfonso , Ghilardi, Giampaolo , Manazza, Andrea , Lauri, Gaetano , Gentile, Rocco , Perciaccante, Antonio , De Micco, Francesco , Navarini, Luca , Velázquez, Lourdes , Picozzi, Mario , Ricci, Giovanna , Piacquadio, Flora , Maioni, Melissa , Ermili, Fabio , Tambone, Mario , Chelucci, Gian Luca , Ciccozzi, Massimo , Tambone, Vittoradolfo

Since COVID-19 began to spread, hypotheses about the possible causes of the disease and its treatment have increased worldwide, engenedering fears and concerns. This context of uncertainty, as well as the great changes that people were forced to accept in their daily lives, have challenged the general population, affecting public opinion and collective imagination inevitably, with also a negative impact on compliance with public health policies. This study explored the personal attitudes towards the COVID-19 pandemic and their association with denial stances in the Italian context. The aim was to address the relevance of these phenomena and in what guise they are present in relation to the grounds supporting them, as an avenue to be more effective in public health under different domains. An online questionnaires was set out to survey the general population over 18 throughout the Italian country, including students and health professionals, to offer geographic and professional diversity. General population was also stratified based on their direct or indirect experience of COVID-19, whilst health participants were recruited with regard to their involvement in a COVID centre. A total of 2110 questionnaire were filled out between December 2020 and April 2021. Of the participants, 85.45% completely disagree with the possibility that COVID-19 is not real and that the cultural, social and economic system wanted us to believe otherwise, whereas 69% had doubts about what has been claimed to date about the existence of COVID-19. Trust in institutions and types of COVID-19 experience affected these beliefs. The results also show that stress, anxiety, sadness, and vulnerability increased as compared to the pre-COVID- 19 pandemic timeframe. The fundings of this national survey revealed how much behaviors based on social responsibility and rational prudence are important for defensing human life. ©Medicina e Morale

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New Challenges for Ethics: The Social Impact of Posthumanism, Robots, and Artificial Intelligence

2021 , Velázquez, Lourdes

The ethical approach to science and technology is based on their use and application in extremely diverse fields. Less prominence has been given to the theme of the profound changes in our conception of human nature produced by the most recent developments in artificial intelligence and robotics due to their capacity to simulate an increasing number of human activities traditionally attributed to man as manifestations of the higher spiritual dimension inherent in his nature. Hence, a kind of contrast between nature and artificiality has ensued in which conformity with nature is presented as a criterion of morality and the artificial is legitimized only as an aid to nature. On the contrary, this essay maintains that artificiality is precisely the specific expression of human nature which has, in fact, made a powerful contribution to the progress of man. However, science and technology do not offer criteria to guide the practical and conceptual use of their own contents simply because they do not contain the conceptual space for the ought-to-be. Therefore, this paper offers a critical analysis of the conceptual models and the most typical products of technoscience as well as a discerning evaluation of the contemporary cultural trend of transhumanism. The position defended here consists of full appreciation of technoscience integrated into a broader framework of specifically human values. © Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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Mexican pre columbian civilisation

2017 , Velázquez, Lourdes

Mexican pre Columbian culture is one of the great six mother civilisations but, compared with the Indian or Chinese ones, is far less known in the West. This culture had a notable richness and complexity that, from theoretical and scientific knowledge, led to applied science, producing important technological applications, such as astronomical observatories and calendars. These were at the same time also expression of human and ethical values, within a general idea of a somehow dualistic Universe, based on the struggle between contraries - light and darkness, life and death, male and female - that finally lead to a vision that one may define as theological. Our partial and segmented knowledge of Mexican Pre Columbian culture tends to converge into a unitarian vision that may, for some reason, be called 'systemic'. ©2017, Rivista di Filosofia Neo-Scolastica.

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Ethical Criteria for the Admission and Management of Patients in the ICU Under Conditions of Limited Medical Resources: A Shared International Proposal in View of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 , Tambone, Vittoradolfo , Boudreau, Donald , Ciccozzi, Massimo , Sanders, Karen , Campanozzi, Laura Leondina , Wathuta, Jane , Violante, Luciano , Cauda, Roberto , Petrini, Carlo , Abbate, Antonio , Alloni, Rossana , Argemí Ballbé, Josepmaría , Argemí Renom, Josep , Benedictis, Anna De , Galerneau, France , Munive García, Carlos Emilio , Giampaolo Ghilardi , Palmer Hafler, Janet , Linden, Magdalena , Marcos, Alfredo , Onetti Muda, Andrea , Pandolfi, Marco , Pelaccia, Thierry , Picozzi, Mario , Revello, Ruben Oscar , Ricci, Giovanna , Rohrbaugh, Robert , Rossi, Patrizio , Sirignano, Ascanio , Spagnolo, Antonio Gioacchino , Stammers, Trevor , Velázquez, Lourdes , Mercurio, Mark , Agazzi, Evandro

The present pandemic has exposed us to unprecedented challenges that need to be addressed not just for the current state, but also for possible future similar occurrences. It is worth pointing out that discussions on the allocation of medical resources may not necessarily refer to an exception, but, unfortunately, to a regular condition for a large part of humanity (1). The criteria for admission to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) setting generally take into account multiple factors. There must be a diagnostic and prognostic basis for the decisions made, considering both biological factors and patient values and wishes. Furthermore, the decision-making process should, whenever possible, respect the patient's advance directives as well as the relationship with the patient's family or attorney. Therapeutic neglect should be avoided. Having applied standard clinical evaluation criteria for the appropriate treatment of patients with COVID-19, including consideration of prognosis, if a hospital then finds itself unable to provide optimal treatment (e.g., due to a disproportion between the number of patients and the availability of beds, healthcare providers, ventilators, and drugs in the ICU), it becomes necessary to evaluate, case by case, how to achieve justice and the best possible good for the greatest number of patients. It is therefore mandatory to explore alternative solutions; these include increasing available beds and healthcare providers, implementing alternative, though suboptimal, approaches (where appropriate), transferring patients to other clinical units, etc. Making these decisions properly also involves the recovery of the political role of medicine and science © Frontiers in Public Health

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Teoria della conoscenza e neuroscienze

2015 , Velázquez, Lourdes

Theory of knowledge can be understood differently according to two different meanings of knowledge. In a first sense knowledge is understood as the process of cognition, in the second sense it means the result of such cognition (what we know). These two meanings are mirrored in certain different terms used in different languages. A theory of knowledge understood in the second sense (corresponding to "epistemology" in English) has no significant links with the neurosciences (but rather with philosophical disciplines like logic, methodology, semiotics, ontology), whereas it has such links if it is understood in the first sense (corresponding to the English""philosophy of mind"). Indeed already ancient philosophers have recognized the brain as the physical support of the most advanced cognitive processes. Nevertheless it would be wrong to consider the neurosciences as a replacement of philosophy of mind, because the cognitive processes must first be defined philosophically, in order their (bidirectional) correlations with nervous phenomena to be investigated. ©Epistemologia

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Medicina nel pensiero messicano preispanico

2018 , Velázquez, Lourdes

Many people are still convinced that the indigenous medicine was in a stage of admixture with witchcraft and magic, more or less as it is believed for medicine to be practiced among so called «primitive» civilizations. This conviction is contradicted by what the first Spanish conquerors explicitly declared regarding medicine they encountered in the new land of conquest, and it is even more in contradiction with the very clear distinctions that «scientific» doctors of Mexico prior to the arrival of Cortés expressed in their texts, in which they separated clearly their way of conceiving and practicing medicine from the practices of the sorcerers, curators and charlatans. ©2018 Rivista di Filosofía Neo-scolastica.

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El tratamiento del neonato terminal desde el punto de vista bioético

2017 , Velázquez, Lourdes

La Bioética, cuando se orienta hacia el respeto por la vida, es una garantía para la misma ciencia, en la medida en la que es garantía para el respeto de la dignidad plena del ser humano y del respeto del primero de sus derechos, el derecho a la vida. Tenemos que estar agradecidos a quien sostiene, con la presente investigación, también la formación recta de la conciencia de los profesionales de la medicina y de los familiares involucrados. ©EUNSA

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Un enfoque sistémico de la bioética del medioambiente y la complejidad

2024 , Velázquez, Lourdes , Agazzi, Evandro

La teoría general de sistemas ofrece un marco conceptual y metodológico para integrar consideraciones bioéticas en la toma de decisiones ambientales y ecológicas, enmarcando clara y eficazmente muchos problemas y situaciones que suelen presentarse utilizando el lenguaje ordinario. Un sistema es una entidad estructurada internamente que se caracteriza por algunas propiedades y funciones específicas. Esta unidad se relaciona con varias de sus partes que también son sistemas y son, por tanto, sus subsistemas. A su vez, cada sistema es parte (es decir, subsistema) de sistemas de orden superior. Todos estos sistemas y subsistemas están relacionados entre sí de tal manera que cada uno se caracteriza por sus propiedades específicas, que, además, resultan de las correlaciones que los unen a sus subsistemas y sistemas de orden superior. Dentro de esta arquitectura general se inscriben fácilmente conceptos como entorno y complejidad, así como emergencia, con todos los problemas relativos a los límites de las posibilidades de predicción mostrando que los enfoques deterministas tradicionales en la ciencia son insuficientes para manejar tal complejidad. El artículo aborda los desafíos que plantea la impredecibilidad en los sistemas complejos, criticando las visiones fatalistas que aceptan de manera optimista o pesimista la naturaleza incontrolable de los desarrollos tecnológicos y ecológicos. Es precisamente la impredecibilidad de un sistema complejo como el entorno lo que requiere una dimensión bioética para guiar los valores que subyacen a nuestra toma de decisiones respecto a la vida misma.

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