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    Item type:Publication,
    Electrodermal Response Patterns and Emotional Engagement Under Continuous Algorithmic Video Stimulation: A Multimodal Biometric Analysis
    (MDPI AG, 2026-01-18)
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    David Contreras-Tiscareno
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    Diego Sebastian Montoya-Rodriguez
    Excessive use of short-form video platforms such as TikTok has raised growing concerns about digital addiction and its impact on young users’ emotional well-being. This study examines the relationship between continuous TikTok exposure and emotional engagement in young adults aged 20–23 through a multimodal experimental design. The purpose of this research is to determine whether emotional engagement increases, remains stable, or declines during prolonged exposure and to assess the degree of correspondence between facially inferred engagement and physiological arousal. To achieve this, multimodal biometric data were collected using the iMotions platform, integrating galvanic skin response (GSR) sensors and facial expression analysis via Affectiva’s AFFDEX SDK 5.1. Engagement levels were binarized using a logistic transformation, and a binomial test was conducted. GSR analysis, merged with a 50 ms tolerance, revealed no significant differences in skin conductance between engaged and non-engaged states. Findings indicate that although TikTok elicits strong initial emotional engagement, engagement levels significantly decline over time, suggesting habituation and emotional fatigue. The results refine our understanding of how algorithm-driven, short-form content affects users’ affective responses and highlight the limitations of facial metrics as sole indicators of physiological arousal. Implications for theory include advancing multimodal models of emotional engagement that account for divergences between expressivity and autonomic activation. Implications for practice emphasize the need for ethical platform design and improved digital well-being interventions. The originality and value of this study lie in its controlled experimental approach that synchronizes facial and physiological signals, offering objective evidence of the temporal decay of emotional engagement during continuous TikTok use and underscoring the complexity of measuring affect in highly stimulating digital environments.
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    IoT-Based Smart Gas Meter With LTE Connectivity and Cloud Analytics for Stationary Tanks
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2026)
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    Millions of homes in developing countries rely on stationary LPG tanks, yet the methods for monitoring fuel levels remain manual, unsafe, and highly inefficient. This paper addresses this issue by presenting the design, development, and implementation of an IoT-based smart gas meter that uses a noninvasive Hall-effect sensor to digitally read existing level gauges. Data is transmitted via LTE, eliminating the need for Wi-Fi and optimizing connectivity. The system is designed for low power consumption, achieving a battery life of more than eight years. Additionally, a cloud architecture is implemented in AWS to process the collected data, allowing real-time analysis, predictive maintenance, and logistics optimization. A field test was also conducted with 15 prototypes, demonstrating accurate gas level monitoring, reliable refill detection, and gas theft prevention.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Tecnología Funcional de Nariz Electrónica para el Monitoreo de Gases en el Aire
    (Escuela Politecnica Nacional, 2025-11-30)
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    Claudia L. Garzón-Castro
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    Annamaría Filomena-Ambrosio
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    Roberto De Fazio
    En los últimos años, las narices electrónicas se han consolidado como herramientas innovadoras para el monitoreo ambiental, particularmente en la detección de contaminantes en el aire. En este trabajo, se presenta el diseño e implementación de una tecnología funcional, portátil y de bajo costo de nariz electrónica, capaz de identificar gases como el monóxido de carbono, el metano y varios compuestos volátiles. Esta tecnología integra un arreglo de sensores y un módulo de adquisición de datos junto con algoritmos avanzados de procesamiento de señales. Se propone la aplicación del Método de Filtrado y Diagonalización (FDM) para la extracción de características espectrales, combinado con Bosques Aleatorios (RF) para la clasificación de gases. Los resultados experimentales demuestran una precisión del 96.4 % en la identificación de compuestos gaseosos, validando la efectividad de la combinación FDM-RF. Este estudio contribuye al avance de tecnologías accesibles para el monitoreo de la calidad del aire y así como de nuevos métodos de detección y clasificación de gases ambientales.
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    Audio’s Impact on Deep Learning Models: A Comparative Study of EEG-Based Concentration Detection in VR Games
    (MDPI AG, 2025-10-29)
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    Francisco R. Castillo-Soria
    This study investigates the impact of audio feedback on cognitive performance during VR puzzle games using EEG analysis. Thirty participants played three different VR puzzle games under two conditions (with and without audio) while their brain activity was recorded. To analyze concentration levels and neural engagement patterns, we employed spectral analysis combined with a preprocessing algorithm and an optimized Deep Neural Network (DNN) model. The proposed processing stage integrates feature normalization, automatic labeling based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Gamma band feature extraction, transforming concentration detection into a supervised classification problem. Experimental validation was conducted under the two gaming conditions in order to evaluate the impact of multisensory stimulation on model performance. The results show that the proposed approach significantly outperforms traditional machine learning classifiers (SVM, LR) and baseline deep learning models (DNN, DGCNN), achieving a 97% accuracy in the audio scenario and 83% without audio. These findings confirm that auditory stimulation reinforces neural coherence and improves the discriminability of EEG patterns, while the proposed method maintains a robust performance under less stimulating conditions.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Real-Time Object Finding for the Visually Impaired Using an Image-to-Speech Wearable Device
    (Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025-11-18)
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    Edwige Pissaloux
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    Claudia L. Garzón-Castro
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    Roberto de Fazio
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    Item type:Publication,
    Dynamic Jamming Mitigation in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Comprehensive Algorithm for Resilience and Efficiency
    (Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025-11-18)
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    Yehoshua Aguilar-Molina
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    Genre-Sensitive Prediction of Emotional Arousal in Virtual Reality: A Neural Modeling Approach Using Skin Conductance Peaks
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2025-12)
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    José Varela-Aldás
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    Demián Velasco Gómez Llanos
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    Santiago Arreola Munguía
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    Marco Antonio Manjarrez Fernandez
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    Item type:Publication,
    A Resilient Energy-Efficient Framework for Jamming Mitigation in Cluster-Based Wireless Sensor Networks
    (MDPI AG, 2025-09-29)
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    Aimé Lay-Ekuakille
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    Paolo Visconti
    This paper presents a resilient and energy-efficient framework for jamming mitigation in cluster-based wireless sensor networks (WSNs), addressing a critical vulnerability in hostile or interference-prone environments. The proposed approa ch integrates dynamic cluster reorganization, adaptive MAC-layer behavior, and multipath routing strategies to restore communication capabilities and sustain network functionality under jamming conditions. The framework is evaluated across heterogeneous topologies using Zigbee and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE); both stacks were validated in a physical testbed with matched jammer and traffic conditions, while simulation was used solely to tune parameters and support sensitivity analyses. Results demonstrate significant improvements in Packet Delivery Ratio, end-to-end delay, energy consumption, and retransmission rate, with BLE showing particularly high resilience when combined with the mitigation mechanism. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of routing protocols including AODV, GAF, and LEACH reveals that hierarchical protocols achieve superior performance when integrated with the proposed method. This framework has broader applicability in mission-critical IoT domains, including environmental monitoring, industrial automation, and healthcare systems. The findings confirm that the framework offers a scalable and protocol-agnostic defense mechanism, with potential applicability in mission-critical and interference-sensitive IoT deployments.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Forehead and In-Ear EEG Acquisition and Processing: Biomarker Analysis and Memory-Efficient Deep Learning Algorithm for Sleep Staging with Optimized Feature Dimensionality
    (MDPI AG, 2025-10-01)
    Roberto De Fazio
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    Şule Esma Yalçınkaya
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    Ilaria Cascella
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    Massimo De Vittorio
    Advancements in electroencephalography (EEG) technology and feature extraction methods have paved the way for wearable, non-invasive systems that enable continuous sleep monitoring outside clinical environments. This study presents the development and evaluation of an EEG-based acquisition system for sleep staging, which can be adapted for wearable applications. The system utilizes a custom experimental setup with the ADS1299EEG-FE-PDK evaluation board to acquire EEG signals from the forehead and in-ear regions under various conditions, including visual and auditory stimuli. Afterward, the acquired signals were processed to extract a wide range of features in time, frequency, and non-linear domains, selected based on their physiological relevance to sleep stages and disorders. The feature set was reduced using the Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (mRMR) algorithm and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), resulting in a compact and informative subset of principal components. Experiments were conducted on the Bitbrain Open Access Sleep (BOAS) dataset to validate the selected features and assess their robustness across subjects. The feature set extracted from a single EEG frontal derivation (F4-F3) was then used to train and test a two-step deep learning model that combines Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and dense layers for 5-class sleep stage classification, utilizing attention and augmentation mechanisms to mitigate the natural imbalance of the feature set. The results—overall accuracies of 93.5% and 94.7% using the reduced feature sets (94% and 98% cumulative explained variance, respectively) and 97.9% using the complete feature set—demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining a reliable classification using a single EEG derivation, mainly for unobtrusive, home-based sleep monitoring systems.
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    Item type:Publication,
    A smart glove to evaluate Parkinson's disease by flexible piezoelectric and inertial sensors
    (Elsevier BV, 2025)
    R. De Fazio
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    V.M. Mastronardi
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    M. De Vittorio
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    P. Visconti