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The Gastro-Intestinal Microbiota in Haematology
(S. Karger AG, 2026)
Moreno-Mirón, José Manuel
;
Ruiz-Argüelles, Guillermo José
;
Gallardo-Pérez, Moisés Manuel
;
Moreno-Mirón, Alexa
;
Rivera-Aguilar, Ana Paola
Background: The gastro-intestinal microbiota is a key regulator of systemic immunity and inflammatory tone and it contributes to normal haematopoiesis through microbial metabolites, barrier integrity, and host-microbe immune signalling. Disruption of this has been increasingly linked to the development, clinical course, and treatment-related complications of haematological disorders, including clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), leukaemias, and plasma cell neoplasms (PCNs). Summary: This review synthesises current evidence on how gut microbiota composition and function intersect with haematopoietic regulation and haematological disease biology. We summarise proposed mechanisms – including microbe-derived metabolites (e.g., short-chain fatty acids), pattern-recognition receptor signalling, intestinal permeability, and cytokine-mediated inflammation – that may influence haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell behaviour and immune cell differentiation. We then discuss disease-specific associations of dysbiosis with CHIP, leukaemias, and PCN, as well as the impact of common haematology interventions (antibiotics, chemotherapy, immunomodulatory therapies, and transplantation) on microbial ecology and downstream clinical outcomes. Finally, we highlight methodological challenges and outline priorities for longitudinal, mechanistic, and multi-omics studies to enable microbiota-informed risk stratification and therapeutic modulation. Key Messages: (1) The gut microbiota influences haematopoiesis via immune signalling, microbial metabolites, and maintenance of mucosal barrier function. (2) Dysbiosis is associated with CHIP, leukaemias, and PCN, and may contribute through chronic inflammation and altered immune homeostasis. (3) Haematological therapies frequently reshape the microbiota; these changes may affect infection risk, treatment tolerance, and outcomes. (4) Current evidence is largely associative; rigorously designed longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to establish causality and guide clinical translation. © The authors © S. Karger AG.
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Tiempo al diagnóstico y de inicio de tratamiento oncológico en pacientes pediátricos con tumores sólidos
(Graphimedic, 2025)
Rendón-Macías, Mario Enrique
;
Yasmani Pozo-Almanza
Introducción: el diagnóstico oncológico suele ser difícil y la prontitud del tratamiento influye en su pronóstico. Objetivo: comparar los tiempos requeridos para la confirmación diagnóstica e inicio del tratamiento oncológico en pacientes pediátricos con tumores sólidos, según el grado de sospecha al envío y sus condiciones clínicas. Material y métodos: se estudiaron 175 pacientes con diagnóstico de un tumor sólido, atendidos en un centro de tercer nivel de atención. Se incluyeron pacientes con sospecha, con diagnóstico histopatológico, o bien, pacientes que llegaron por un diagnóstico no oncológico. Se estimaron los tiempos para la referencia, para la confirmación diagnóstica (Lag-t-Dx) y para el inicio del tratamiento oncológico (Lag-t-Tx). Resultados: sesenta por ciento tuvieron tumores del sistema nervioso central, linfomas o tumores óseos; el 55.4% llegó en estadios III-IV. Del total, el 78.9% tenía sospecha de cáncer, 13.7% con diagnóstico histopatológico y 7.4% otro diagnóstico. Dieciocho se encontraban críticamente enfermos (10.3%). La mediana de días de referencia fue de dos (0-42 días), el Lag-t-Dx de cinco (0-45) y el Lag-t-Tx de ocho (2-49); los tiempos fueron más prolongados en pacientes con un diagnóstico de ingreso no oncológicos (Lag-t-Dx 13 días, Lag-t-Tx 15 días, p = 0.004 y p = 0.049). Lag-t-Dx no difirió con respecto al estadio, pero el Lag-t-Tx fue mayor en pacientes graves. Conclusiones: en general, se comprobó que los tiempos para establecer diagnóstico y tratamiento son similares a otros países, pero depende del nivel de sospecha y de las condiciones clínicas del paciente. ©Los autores ©Revista Mexicana de Pediatría.
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Association between coping of the primary caregiver and the adolescent patient with cancer
(Springer Science and Business Media, 2025)
Villanueva Leonel, Jaramillo
;
Rendón-Macías, Mario Enrique
;
Ríos Covian, Ana
Background: Coping mechanisms help individuals face adversity, remain stable over time, and can be generalized to various circumstances. Two types are typically distinguished: the active style, aimed at resolving problems, and the passive style, focused on emotional regulation. We hypothesized that passive coping of the primary caregiver (hereafter, primary caregiver [PC]) would affect the adaptive coping of his or her adolescent child with cancer (hereafter, adolescent with cancer [AC]). Objective: To analyze coping styles in adolescents with cancer (ACs) and their primary caregivers (PCs). Materials and methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study including 116 pairs of an adolescent with cancer (AC) and a primary caregiver (PC). The adolescents completed the Adolescent Coping Scale (ACS), applicable to those aged 9–17 years, while the caregivers completed the Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI). Results: 49% (57/116) of the pairs both used the active coping style, and 14% showed the passive style in both members. No agreement was found between the coping styles of the AC and PC (Kappa = 0.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.13–0.14, p = 0.13). The multivariate analysis explained 61% of the variance (Nagelkerke pseudo R2 = 0.61; likelihood ratio = 191.4; p = 0.003). Conclusions: Passive coping by the primary caregiver occurred with low frequency, and active coping was favored, similar to that of the adolescent with cancer. ©The authors ©Springer Science and Business Media © BMC Primary Care.
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Ibervillea sonorae (S. Watson) Green a potential resource of bioactive compounds: Systematic analysis of a Mexican plant used in traditional medicine
(Elsevier, 2025)
Angulo Molina, Aracely
;
Cristofaro, Valeria di
;
Pieles, Uwe
;
López Romero, Julio César
;
Vidal Gutiérrez, Max
Ibervillea sonorae (S. Watson) Green (Cucurbitaceae) is a tuber succulent known as “wareke,” which grows in dry desert landscapes in northwestern Mexico and the southwestern United States. Indigenous tribes use I. sonorae as a remedy against cancer, inflammation, rheumatism, skin infections, and diabetes. The great popularity of wareke in traditional medicine has motivated various working groups to investigate its pharmacological properties. The antiproliferative, antitumoral, antifungal, hypoglycemic, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial potential of this plant has been established. Chemical studies showed that I. sonorae is a potential resource of bioactive compounds, cucurbitacin-type triterpenoids, and phytosterols, the main secondary metabolites. The objective of this chapter is to systematically analyze the phytochemical knowledge of the plant (isolated and identified compounds), describe the biological activities of different extracts, isolated ingredients, and phytopreparations, and discuss their possible applications. ©The authors © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

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