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    Modelo de competencias investigativas para programas de doctorado en educación en universidades mexicanas: una propuesta desde la alfabetización informacional
    (Universidade de Brasília, 2026-02)
    Este artículo presenta los resultados de un proyecto de investigación doctoral centrado en el desarrollo de competencias investigativas como parte esencial de la alfabetización informacional en estudiantes de doctorado en educación. A partir de un análisis de programas de posgrado en universidades mexicanas, el estudio identificó la falta de modelos sistemáticos que orienten la formación integral en investigación, más allá de disciplinas metodológicas aisladas. En respuesta, se desarrolló un modelo propio de competencias investigativas, dirigido específicamente a estudiantes de doctorado en el ámbito educativo. El modelo se estructura en torno a cuatro categorías fundamentales: investigación científica, recuperación y gestión de información, métodos de trabajo colaborativo y ética de la investigación. Cada categoría incluye su definición, objetivos e indicadores, lo que proporciona una guía clara y coherente para el desarrollo de las competencias necesarias para la formación de investigadores de alto nivel. La investigación empleó un enfoque de métodos mixtos, que integró el análisis documental de los planes de estudio, cuestionarios aplicados a los estudiantes y una revisión de instrumentos institucionales. Esta metodología permitió una comprensión contextualizada y empírica de las brechas de formación existentes. El modelo propuesto constituye una herramienta teórica y práctica que fortalece la formación investigativa de los estudiantes de doctorado en educación, con el fin de contribuir al mejoramiento de los programas de doctorado en México y otros contextos latinoamericanos. Al concluir este trabajo, se considera que este es solo el comienzo de un amplio horizonte que se abre para la formación de investigadores que integren programas de doctorado de calidad en nuestro país. Se espera que, al menos, se comprenda mejor la importancia de que los estudiantes desarrollen habilidades investigativas, tan necesarias para la formación de nuevos doctores en el campo de la educación y, por qué no, en otras áreas del conocimiento.
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    La Cerdeña Medieval vista desde la modernidad. Un epítome historiográfico de la supuesta conectividad mediterránea
    (Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, 2019-04)
    Con la intención de ofrecer una nueva lectura de las formas en las que se ha concebido a la Cerdeña medieval, el presente artículo presenta una sinopsis condensada y una crítica de las consideraciones más influyentes en la historiografía moderna del Mediterráneo. Este breve trabajo explica cómo estas consideraciones historiográficas han contribuido a la presunción de la unidad comercial y cultural del Mar Interior durante la Edad Media. Lo anterior se expone para relacionar la asumida conectividad del Mediterráneo medieval con la forma en la que se aborda la cuestión de la particularidad histórica de la isla sarda. Es sobre este epítome que se sugieren algunas claves para la interpretación histórica y se revisan las controversias aún vigentes de la Cerdeña medieval, especialmente centradas en torno a los reinos independientes sardos – i.e. los giudicati de los siglos XI al XIII. De esta manera, la discusión aquí desplegada pretende servir de antesala para una propuesta de investigación más robusta sobre los órdenes sociales sardos de la Edad Media central.
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    Optimization Techniques for Improving Economic Profitability Through Supply Chain Processes: A Systematic Literature Review
    (MDPI AG, 2026-01-04)
    Ricardo Jarquin-Segovia
    ;
    José Antonio Marmolejo-Saucedo
    <jats:p>In today’s dynamic and global business landscape, economic profitability is essential for creating and sustaining competitive advantage. Nevertheless, a critical gap persists in the literature regarding the application of advanced optimization techniques that systematically link operational improvements in the supply chain with strategic financial indicators. Accordingly, this study aims to identify and synthesize the optimization techniques applied to supply chain processes and their impact on economic profitability. To achieve this objective, the PRISMA methodology was employed. A systematic literature review covering the last ten years (2015–2025) was conducted using the Web of Science database. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 35 studies were selected, revealing a growing methodological diversity. Nature-Inspired Algorithms (NIAs) and hybrid approaches (such as MILP combined with Simulation) demonstrate greater capacity to address complex and multi-objective scenarios. Notably, hybrid techniques have been successfully applied to the maximization of Economic Value Added (EVA), a key strategic value indicator. Despite the sophistication of these optimization techniques, the predominant objective remains total cost minimization, often sidelining the direct optimization of strategic indicators such as EVA or the Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC). Additionally, a key research gap was identified in the development of adaptive and resilient models that integrate technologies such as Digital Twins, Blockchain, and Artificial Intelligence to dynamically manage physical and financial disruptions in supply chains. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for a theoretical shift toward models that go beyond cost minimization and focus on real value metrics, as well as the exploration of more accessible solutions for SMEs. This review contributes a reference framework for academics and practitioners to align the most suitable optimization techniques with strategic financial objectives in supply chain management.</jats:p>
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    Medición y comparación de la calidad del empleo en México con un índice multidimensional
    (Instituto Mexicano de Ejecutivos de Finanzas, A.C. (IMEF), 2025-11-07)
    <jats:p>El presente artículo busca contribuir al análisis y medición de la calidad del empleo en México, con la construcción de un índice multidimensional con el que se mide y compara a las 32 entidades federativas en dos periodos de tiempo, el primer trimestre de 2012 y el primer trimestre de 2022. La metodología aplicada incluye el Análisis de Componentes Principales y la prueba t pareada para datos relacionados. En la construcción del índice se utilizan datos de la ENOE que presentan una relación positiva con la calidad del empleo. Los resultados muestran baja calidad del empleo en México en ambos lapsos, con una ligera mejoría en estos 10 años en la mayoría de las variables consideradas en el índice. Además, en general, los estados del norte presentan mayor calidad del empleo que el resto del país. Una de las limitaciones en el trabajo es que no se contemplan todos los aspectos de la calidad del empleo, por la disponibilidad de datos. Los hallazgos en este trabajo tienen implicaciones en la política laboral y social del país, particularmente para los estados del sur, que son los que se encuentran más rezagados en ingresos, seguridad social y contratos laborales escritos.</jats:p>
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    Uncertainty quantification of compressive stress response in expanded polystyrene foams using evidential neural networks
    (SAGE Publications, 2026-01-09)
    <jats:p>This study investigates the application of Deep Evidential Regression in shallow feed-forward neural networks to model and quantify the compressive stress response of expanded polystyrene foam. This foam material, widely utilized for impact protection and packaging, exhibits distinct mechanical behavior characterized by elasticity, plateau, and densification stages during compressive loading. This research adopts a data-driven approach, leveraging artificial neural networks enhanced with evidential learning to predict the distribution of stress responses, thereby addressing both aleatoric and epistemic uncertainties. The methodology involves organizing stress-strain data into training, validation, and test sets, adding noise to simulate real-world conditions, and training models with evidential layers. Results demonstrate that the proposed models maintain high predictive accuracy, with coefficients of determination exceeding 0.90 for noisy test data and above 0.99 for noise-free data. The evidential regression models also provide robust uncertainty quantification, essential for applications where data quality varies. This study’s findings highlight the efficiency and effectiveness of Deep Evidential Regression in enhancing the reliability of stress-strain predictions for EPS foam, offering significant potential for broader application to similar foam materials.</jats:p>
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    Declaring Worldviews in SSM for Sustainability &amp; Community Learning
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2026-01-08)
    Miles W. Weaver
    ;
    Rebecca J. M. Herron
    ;
    Kamila Pokorna
    ;
    ;
    Eliseo Vilalta-Perdomo
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p> For over fifty years, Soft Systems ideas and the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) have played a pivotal role in understanding various problem situations and initiating action. Often tackling the grandest challenges of our time, SSM will retain continued relevance in helping decision-makers address sustainability challenges within organisations and their communities. In this paper, we are concerned with the <jats:italic>meaningful co-creation of sustainable value through community-based learning using SSM.</jats:italic> More specifically, recognising that a sustainability paradigm, characterised by the <jats:italic>need to create a just and safe space for humanity to thrive within the means of a living planet</jats:italic> (as called for by Raworth, 2017), is often marginalised or overlooked. This paradigm presents us with an ethical imperative, complex and messy challenges/issues, and a set of ideals (articulated in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals) that are significantly off track. This paper employs a variation of the Delphi method, drawing on the authors’ collective interest and experience in applying SSM in communities, to propose a double-loop learning cycle to explore the underlying assumptions of our worldviews and mental models within communities. We suggest that an SSM learning cycle can be enhanced by initiating conversations on relevant <jats:italic>models for sustainability</jats:italic> (such as Doughnut Economics, UN SDGs, and the principles for a Circular Economy), to find common ground for triggering new learning. This idea is contextualised and proposed as the <jats:italic>value(s)-action gap</jats:italic> phenomenon, which can help explain the difference between an individual, an organisation, and/or a community's <jats:italic>intention(s)</jats:italic> and their actual <jats:italic>action(s).</jats:italic> In doing so, find common ground, shift to higher levels of systems consciousness from an ego-centric to an ecosystem level of awareness, engage communities, and take an intergenerational perspective. We suggest that incorporating a double-loop learning cycle into SSM can support organisations and their communities in putting shared values into meaningful action. </jats:p>
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    Mental health quality of life in low- and middle-income countries: an assessment tool
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-12-11)
    Susana Castaños-Cervantes
    ;
    José Anibal Ojeda-Nuñez
    ;
    Gabriela Andrea Marroquín-Fernández
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    Mindful meditation for epidural catheter placement during labor: a single-center randomized controlled trial
    (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2025-06-16)
    ;
    Asimina Lazaridou
    ;
    Diego Villela-Franyutti
    ;
    Kara G Fields
    ;
    Michaela K Farber
    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Importance</jats:title> <jats:p>Labor epidural placement can cause significant procedural anxiety for patients. Behavioral interventions, such as mindful meditation, can effectively reduce anxiety, including during pregnancy.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Objective</jats:title> <jats:p>This study aimed to assess the impact of a 10-minute mindful meditation session on anxiety and pain during labor epidural placement.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Design, Setting, Participants, Intervention, and Outcome Measures</jats:title> <jats:p>Pregnant women were recruited and randomized into 2 groups: A 10-minute guided mindful meditation, or a neutral content recording, both delivered via headphones before the epidural procedure as a recording. After the procedure, participants reported their levels of anxiety, pain, and satisfaction. Linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the main effects of the intervention on anxiety, pain, and satisfaction. Additionally, an exploratory post hoc moderation analysis assessed the role of baseline pain catastrophizing and its interaction with the intervention.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>A total of 100 participants were included (50 per group). There were no overall main effect of mindful meditation on primary outcomes of anxiety and pain, or secondary outcome of procedural satisfaction, compared to the neutral content recording (P’s &amp;gt; .05). Exploratory post hoc analysis indicated a moderation of treatment effect, such that participants with higher baseline pain catastrophizing experienced greater benefits from mindful meditation compared to neutral content on anxiety (b = −0.18, P = .01) and pain (b = −0.14, P = .03).</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance</jats:title> <jats:p>While no overall group-level effects of mindful meditation were found, exploratory analysis suggested that the intervention may be more beneficial for participants with high baseline pain catastrophizing. Future studies enrolling a larger sample, or enriching for patients with these characteristics are needed to confirm these results.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Clinical Trial Number and Registry URL</jats:title> <jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04687085 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04687085).</jats:p> </jats:sec>
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    Beyond bones: Revisiting the role of vitamin D in chronic liver disease
    (Baishideng Publishing Group Inc., 2025-11-27)
    Rodrigo Guerrero-Guerrero
    ;
    Osvely Mendez-Guerrero
    ;
    Anaisa Carranza-Carrasco
    ;
    ;
    Astrid Ardon-Lopez
    <jats:p>Beyond its traditional role in calcium and bone metabolism, vitamin D has emerged as a critical regulator of liver health. Its active form, calcitriol [1α,25(OH)2D], signals through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is expressed in hepatic stellate cells, Kupffer cells, and cholangiocytes. Through this pathway, vitamin D modulates fibrosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, bile acid homeostasis, and immune responses. This review explores the growing body of evidence linking vitamin D deficiency to chronic liver diseases, including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, alcoholic liver disease, viral hepatitis B and C, and metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease. Low vitamin D levels are frequently observed in these conditions and are associated with disease severity, complications (such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, sarcopenia, and hepatic encephalopathy), and increased mortality. Mechanistically, vitamin D-VDR signaling inhibits profibrotic TGF-β1/SMAD pathways, downregulates proinflammatory cytokines, enhances regulatory T cell differentiation, and improves insulin sensitivity. Although preclinical studies support its protective effects, clinical trials of vitamin D supplementation have produced mixed results. Overall, vitamin D appears to influence multiple pathways in liver disease pathophysiology, and correcting its deficiency may offer clinical benefits. However, its integration into clinical care will depend on identifying responsive patient subgroups and defining optimal dosing strategies to maximize therapeutic benefit.</jats:p>