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Génesis del pensamiento económico: dos visiones en pugna

2015 , Scalzo, Germán

A finales del siglo XVIII, tras la publicación de La Riqueza de las Naciones (Smith, 1776), se consolida un cambio de paradigma en el modo de concebir la economía, caracterizado por una progresiva “naturalización” o “despersonalización”, que es comúnmente aceptado como la génesis de la ciencia económica. Desde esta perspectiva, la economía se considera un proceso necesario que responde a leyes tan objetivas como las de la física; “descubrirlas” sería la tarea propia del economista. El presente trabajo cuestiona esta visión apodíctica a través de una aproximación a la concepción de la actividad económica en los mismos orígenes del pensamiento filosófico –puntualmente, en las posturas platónica y aristotélica, dos propuestas originales que conforman la génesis del pensamiento económico– con el objeto de mostrar que existe una estrecha relación entre una noción de economía y la concepción antropológica subyacente. © Cauriensia

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A Genealogy of the Gift

2017 , Scalzo, Germán

This chapter takes a look at the gift, in which academic interest has recently grown, especially after the release of Benedict XVI’s social encyclical Caritas in Veritate. It outlines a genealogy of the gift, briefly presenting the three main stages of its evolution: (1) the ceremonial gift, typical of the ancient world and found in the cultural anthropological approach that the French tradition later adopted (Mauss, Caillé, Hénaff, etc.); (2) the moral gift, which Aristotle first outlined to explain the emergence of the city; and (3) the personal gift, developed in the Middle Ages thanks to Christian Revelation and its corresponding idea of the person. © Perspectives on Philosophy of Management and Business Ethics

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Virtues and the common good in production

2019 , Scalzo, Germán

This chapter explains the nature of leadership and why ethics is critical both in the behavior of the leader and the study of leadership. It also explains leadership from the perspective of Aristotle, MacIntyre and Catholic Social Teaching. The chapter discusses the virtues that today's leaders need. It integrates notions of human dignity and the common good into a framework for virtuous leadership. The chapter examines the leader: why ethics and the virtues are critical and how the leader's character relates to the firm in particular and society in general. This is because good corporate performance needs good leadership. Leadership literature has focused on leaders' personal characteristics, leader-related skills and behaviors. There is also a stream of research on differentiating transformational from transactional leaders. Transactional leaders guide followers towards established goals by clarifying role and task requirements. ©2018 Taylor and Francis Group.

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CSR and Virtue Ethics: The common good of firms, markets, and civil society

2021 , Scalzo, Germán

This chapter probes the social responsibility of firms using a virtue ethics approach and the concept of the common good. In particular, it highlights the contrasting assumptions of mainstream approaches and the common good of the firm approach to explaining how the latter—rooted in Aristotelian virtue ethics—provides an original conception of social responsibility. A common good approach to social justice understands social relationships essentially as duties to which one voluntarily adheres; when said justice and commitment to the common good flourishes, community ensues. Finally, a virtue ethics approach to corporate social responsibility establishes three forms of duty and social responsibility to stakeholders, including those who make up the firm, those who maintain a market-based relationship with it, and those who are related to the firm as part of society’s civic sphere.