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Narrating Premodern Philosophy in Greek, Hebrew, Arabic, and Latin

2023 , Krause, Katja , López-Farjeat, Luis Xavier , Oschman, Nicholas A.

Premodern philosophy originated in Antiquity, particularly in the writings of Plato and Aristotle. This introductory essay highlights points of cross-pollination between different schools, cultures, and moments in premodern thought, and prepares the ground for the rest of the volume by presenting different ways of approaching the Greek, Hebrew, Arabic, and Latin philosophical traditions. Some historiographies covering these traditions look forward, dynamically adapting, reworking, and molding what they find in their heritage to their own needs. Others look backward, seeking truth in stable origins. The approach proposed in this volume builds on a “source-based contextualism,” articulated most prominently by Richard C. Taylor, that assesses each medieval philosophical or theological text in light of other relevant philosophical and theological texts. We consider epistemic motifs that contextualize historical thinkers in their own spatial and temporal surroundings. Thus, there is a root from which different derivations arise, but each text is also contextually complex on its own account, and frames a philosophical problem in different ways within the living debates of particular times and particular spaces. The twenty-two chapters in the volume collectively apply this combined approach with different emphases, along the historiographical trajectories of “origins,” “developments,” and “innovations.”. © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Katja Krause, Luis Xavier López-Farjeat, and Nicholas A. Oschman; individual chapters, the contributors.

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Religión y territorio en la filosofía política de al-Fārābī

2023 , López-Farjeat, Luis Xavier , Ganem Gutiérrez, José Alfonso

El presente artículo explora el uso del par terminológico dār al-islām/dār al-ḥarb, primero desde la perspectiva de la jurisprudencia islámica y, posteriormente, desde la relación entre religión (milla), nación (umma) y territorio (maskan) en la filosofía política de al-Fārābī. Se destaca cómo en el planteamiento de al-Fārābī no aparece la dicotomía dār al-islām/dār al-ḥarb y se explica que eso permite interpretar que, para el filósofo, la comunidad política y su demarcación geográfica no dependen necesariamente de su identidad religiosa. Por lo tanto, se argumenta que el planteamiento filosófico de al-Fārābī descarta la división de naciones en función de su identidad religiosa. Más allá de las simples diferencias entre la ciencia jurídica y la filosofía, el artículo examina la conceptualización del territorio de al-Fārābī y sus consecuencias para la filosofía política. © 2023 Colegio de Mexico, A.C., Departamento de Publicaciones. All rights reserved.

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Avicenna on Non-conceptual Content and Self-Awareness in Non-human Animals

2016 , López-Farjeat, Luis Xavier

Avicenna’s contributions to what might be called animal cognition are not confined to a novel understanding of Aristotle’s psychology, but they raise an issue that is still a matter of discussion in contemporary philosophy of mind: whether non-human animals have consciousness and intentional states that constitute a structured experience of their relation to the world, even though they do not have conceptual knowledge. This paper provides an explanation of Avicenna’s position concerning the cognitive content of sense perception and self-awareness in non-human animals as an attempt to show that Avicenna’s stance should be considered in the current discussion as an alternative that provides a provocative solution to a mainstream issue in contemporary philosophy. ©2016, Springer International Publishing.

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Réplica a: percepción, intencionalidad y lenguaje en el aristotelismo del s. XIII

2005 , López-Farjeat, Luis Xavier , LUIS XAVIER LOPEZ FARJEAT;25218

El título de la comunicación del profesor Tellkamp es sugerente. NPS advierte que abarcara tres aspectos en las interpretaciones aristotélicas del siglo trece: percepción, intencionalidad y lenguaje. Los tres son fundamentales para explicar las teorías medievales del conocimiento. Desde ahora debo confesar que no soy un experto en la filosofía tomista. Por ello, las observaciones que haré estarán mucho más cargadas hacia las aportaciones de Avicena y otros filósofos árabes. Ello no excluye, claro está, los señalamientos generales que haré a ciertas cuestiones que todavía se discuten en la Filosofía.

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Religious Plurality and Nonviolence in Said Nursi and Fethullah Gülen

2020 , López-Farjeat, Luis Xavier

In this paper I introduce two ways of conceptualizing Islam from the way in which two thinkers from the modern and contemporary Turkey, respectively, assume ethical and social values usually identified with the democratic culture: religious plurality, tolerance and nonviolence. Said Nursi and Fethullah Gülen conceive, in the face of the stereotype of an intolerant and violent Islam, a non-violent Islam, capable of recognizing other creeds and coexist with them. Despite the sociopolitical and religious tensions that both views have caused especially in Turkey, both could be understood as enemies of Islamic fundamentalism. From their respective positions, both thinkers face the epistemological problem discussed in this paper, that is, the tension between exclusivism and religious pluralism or religious diversity. Is it possible to harmonize distinct religions that assume themselves as true? By means of the historical-philosophical analysis of Nursi and Güllen an answer to this question will be offered.

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‘Abd al‐Jabbār and al‐Ghazālī on Divine Speech and their Theories of Language

2021 , López-Farjeat, Luis Xavier

In 833 the Abbasid caliph al-Maʾmūn (d. 833) began a religious persecution know as the mihna against the opponents of the Mu ‘tazilite doctrine of the creation of the Qur'an. With al-Mu'tásim (d. 842) and al-Wathiq (d. 847), the two successors of al-Ma’mun, the persecution lasted for fifteen years. Around 849-850, al-Mutawakkil stopped enforcing the mihna. As with most theological matters in the early Islamic context, doctrinal disagreements took place between Hanbalites, Mu’tazilites, and Ash’arites. In this case, while the Hanbalites held that the Qur’an was eternal and uncreated, containing the word of God-as Sunni Islam holds-the Mu’tazilites taught that the Qur’an indeed is the word of God but is created in time. ©2021, Luis Xavier López-Farjeat, ©2021 Hartford International University for Religion and Peace. Copyright © 1999-2022 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Group Asylum, Sovereignty, and the Ethics of Care

2020 , López-Farjeat, Luis Xavier , Coronado-Angulo, Cecilia

It is assumed that the states have the right to control their borders and decide whom they want to exclude, isolate, ban, or impose restrictions on. Although it seems that the problematic notion of “sovereignty” gives the state the right to make these kinds of decisions, there are situations where ethical duties to other human beings supersede sovereignty and where, in fact, those ethical duties limit sovereignty. This would be the case of group asylum situations. In this paper, we propose Axel Honneth’s ethics of recognition as a complement to the liberal notion of solidarity. By introducing a derivation of the ethics of recognition, namely, the “ethics of care,” we argue that our connection to others and the ethical duties we have with them impose some limits on the idea of sovereignty. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

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Alfarabi y el rol de la poética

2005 , López-Farjeat, Luis Xavier , LUIS XAVIER LOPEZ FARJEAT;25218 , LUIS XAVIER LOPEZ FARJEAT;25218

“Alfarabi ocupa un lugar central en la recepción árabe del Órganon aristotélico. Al igual que otros comentadores, Alfarabi situó a la Retórica y a la Poética junto a los tratados analíticos, las Categorías, el Peri Hermeneias, los Tópicos y las Refutaciones Sofisticas. Su comprensión de la Poética es especialmente original. Leer la Retórica como un tratado de lógica no supone demasiados problemas, pues el propio Aristóteles señala cuales son los silogismos que ha de utilizar un retorico. En cambio, estudiar la Poética con la intención de integrarla a la lógica, nos obliga a pensar en la posibilidad de un silogismo poético del que Aristóteles no habla en ninguna parte del corpus. Ha de advertirse, sin embargo, que aunque en la Poética no se utilizan los términos "silogismo poético", Aristóteles si afirma que el mito permite razonar — syllogizesthai (Poética 1448 b 13-20) "--Pág. [273].

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Metafísica, acción y voluntad : ensayos en homenaje a Carlos Llano

2005 , Zagal Arreguin, Hector , Aspe-Armella, Virginia , Jiménez Torres, Óscar , Llano Cifuentes, Alejandro , López-Farjeat, Luis Xavier , LUIS XAVIER LOPEZ FARJEAT;25218 , Campus Ciudad de México

Sobre la ambivalencia de los dos fines en la acción directiva de Carlos Llano / Virginia Aspe Armella -- La índole trascendental de la relación moral / Juan Cruz Cruz -- La libertad comprometida. Un acercamiento a la filosofía de la libertad en Carlos Lano / Hortensia Cuellar -- Ontología y epistemología del singular / Mario Gensollen Mendoza -- Interés de la razón y postulado, claves del teismo moral kantiano / Ángel Luis González -- Notas generales sobre el pensamiento filosófico de Carlos Llano: sobre el conocimiento y la reflexión / Oscar Jiménez -- Innovación y universidad / Alejandro Llano -- La analogía en Carlos Llano / Luis Xavier López-Farjeat -- El tono conceptual de los presupuestos de la metafísica / Juan Andrés Mercado -- Diferentes sentidos de Hypokeimenon en Aristóteles. Consideraciones a propósito de Carlos Llano / Rocío Mier y Terán y Enrique García de la Garza -- Raíces aristotélicas de las Etiologías / Amalia Quevedo -- Física y filosofía bases para una metafísica no racionalista / Alberto Ross -- Observaciones sobre dos preponderancias de la voluntad: el error y la idea de la nada / Héctor Velázquez Fernández -- Verdad práctica y causa ejemplar / Héctor Zagal.

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Classical islamic philosophy : a thematic introduction

2021 , López-Farjeat, Luis Xavier

This thematic introduction to classical Islamic philosophy focuses on the most prevalent philosophical debates of the medieval Islamic world and their importance within the history of philosophy. Approaching the topics in a comprehensive and accessible way in this new volume, Luis Xavier Lopez-Farjeat, one of the co-editors of The Routledge Companion to Islamic Philosophy, makes classical Islamic philosophy approachable for both the new and returning student of the history of philosophy, medieval philosophy, the history of ideas, classical Islamic intellectual history, and the history of religion. Providing readers with a complete view of the most hotly contested debates in the Islamic philosophical tradition, Lopez-Farjeat discusses the development of theology (kalam) and philosophy ( falsafa) during the ?Abbasid period, including the translation of Aristotle into Arabic, the philosophy and theology of Islamic revelation, logic and philosophy of language, philosophy of natural science, metaphysics, psychology and cognition, and ethics and political philosophy. This volume serves as an indispensable tool for teachers, students, and independent learners aiming to discover the philosophical problems and ideas that defined the classical Islamic world. © 2022 Taylor and Francis.