Pozzolanic reaction rate of fluid catalytic cracking catalyst residue (FC3R) in cement pastes

<jats:p> Fluid catalytic cracking catalyst residue (FC3R) is a waste material generated in the petroleum industry. Previous research has shown that FC3R exhibits excellent pozzolanic properties in Portland cement mixtures. The pozzolanic activity of FC3R was studied by means of thermogravimetric analysis (measurement of lime fixation) and cold hydrochloric acid treatment (quantification of FC3R reacted). A water/binder ratio of 0·40 was used in the study in the preparation of a control paste (without spent catalyst) and a 15% substituted FC3R paste. The selected curing temperatures were 20 and 40°C and several curing times were tested. The amount (grammes) of fixed lime by gramme of reacted catalyst indicated that approximately one part lime is chemically combined with 2·3 parts of spent catalyst. The combination of both study techniques allows determination of the optimal dosage in order to maximise use of this excellent pozzolan. </jats:p>