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Superplastic HSLA Steels: Microstructure and Failure
Journal
Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention
ISSN
1547-7029
1864-1245
Date Issued
2013
Author(s)
Fernández, Sara
García García, José Ovidio
Verdeja González, Luis Felipe
Verdeja González, José Ignacio
Quintana, María José
Type
Resource Types::text::journal::journal article
Abstract
Certain materials can show superplasticity when traction tested at temperatures higher than 50% of their melting point and with low strain rates (
< 10−2 s−1), showing very high elongations (>100%) without localized necking and mainly intergranular fractures. This behavior requires that the starting grain size is small (<10 μm) so the flow of matter can be non-homogeneous (sliding and rotating of the grain boundaries, accommodated by diffusion). This work presents the superplastic characteristic of shipbuilding steel deformed at 800 °C and a strain rate slower than 10−3 s−1. The fine grain size (5 μm) is obtained when using Nb as a microalloying element and manufactured by controlled rolling processes (three stages). After the superplastic deformation, the steel presents mixed fractures: by decohesion of the hard (pearlite and carbides) and ductile (ferrite) phases and by intergranular sliding of ferrite/ferrite and ferrite/pearlite, just as it happens in stage III of the creep behavior. This is confirmed through the Ashby–Verrall model, according to which the dislocation creep (power-law creep) and diffusion creep (linear-viscous creep) occur simultaneously.
< 10−2 s−1), showing very high elongations (>100%) without localized necking and mainly intergranular fractures. This behavior requires that the starting grain size is small (<10 μm) so the flow of matter can be non-homogeneous (sliding and rotating of the grain boundaries, accommodated by diffusion). This work presents the superplastic characteristic of shipbuilding steel deformed at 800 °C and a strain rate slower than 10−3 s−1. The fine grain size (5 μm) is obtained when using Nb as a microalloying element and manufactured by controlled rolling processes (three stages). After the superplastic deformation, the steel presents mixed fractures: by decohesion of the hard (pearlite and carbides) and ductile (ferrite) phases and by intergranular sliding of ferrite/ferrite and ferrite/pearlite, just as it happens in stage III of the creep behavior. This is confirmed through the Ashby–Verrall model, according to which the dislocation creep (power-law creep) and diffusion creep (linear-viscous creep) occur simultaneously.