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Caracterización de la preferencia cognitiva para aprender de estudiantes universitarios de nuevo ingreso en Ciudad de México
Journal
Revista Complutense de Educación
ISSN
1988-2793
1130-2496
Publisher
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Date Issued
2025
Author(s)
Valadez García, Alfredo
Rangel Barajas, Erika Xóchitl
Haro Álvarez, María Fernanda
Type
text::journal::journal article
Abstract
Introducción: Los estudiantes desarrollan preferencias cognitivas para aprender. La evidencia empírica sugiere que las diversas modificaciones en la modalidad educativa ocasionadas por el confinamiento han alterado los patrones de aprendizaje. En consecuencia, se hace necesario un estudio para optimizar los procesos académicos. Objetivo general: Identificar, la preferencia cognitiva para aprender en universitarios de primer ingreso, relacionándola con la incidencia de cinco variables: ciclo escolar (X1 ), área del conocimiento (X2), velocidad lectora (X3), comprensión lectora (X4), y género (X5), antes, durante y después del confinamiento por COVID-19. Método: La investigación se realizó entre 2017 y 2024 en una universidad de la Ciudad de México con 9,220 estudiantes (52,31% del género masculino y 47,69% del femenino), de primer ingreso de cinco áreas del conocimiento. Fue cuantitativa, no experimental, retrospectiva y con un diseño correlacional. Se observó el fenómeno tal como se desarrolló en su contexto natural sin manipular las variables. El instrumento utilizado fue el Cuestionario Honey-Alonso de Estilos de Aprendizaje. Resultados y Discusión: Los estudiantes de ambos géneros, son mayormente Reflexivos en todas las áreas del conocimiento y menormente Activos. En asociación el Reflexivo-Teórico es predominante. La correlación Y1 y X3 , X4, refleja valores más altos en Reflexivo. La Y1 y X1 , X2, evidencia predominancia en el Reflexivo antes y durante el confinamiento, pero al regresar a la modalidad presencial, la preferencia está en la asociación Reflexivo-Teórico. Se identifica una baja en cuestiones relacionadas con X3 y X4 a lo largo del tiempo. Conclusión: Los hallazgos indican que: Hay una propensión de ciertas áreas del conocimiento hacia un preferencia cognitiva. El estilo de aprendizaje en la transición de la modalidad presencial a la virtual, cambió su tendencia y patrón, en ambos géneros. Las correlaciones y las variables asociadas a la lectura fueron negativas en el periodo estudiado. ©Las autoras ©Revista Complutense de Educación © Universidad Complutense de Madrid
: Introduction: Students develop cognitive preferences for learning. Empirical evidence suggests that the changes in educational modality brought about by the COVID-19 lockdowns have altered learning patterns. Consequently, a study aimed at optimizing academic processes is needed. General objective: To identify the cognitive learning preferences of first-year university students and examine their relationship with five variables: academic term (X1 ), field of knowledge (X2), reading speed (X3), reading comprehension (X4), and gender (X5), before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdowns. Method: Research was conducted between 2017 and 2024 at a university in Mexico City, involving 9,220 first-year students, (52,31 men and 47,69% women), from five fields of knowledge. The study followed a quantitative, non-experimental, and retrospective design with a correlational approach. The phenomenon was observed in its natural context without manipulating the variables. The instrument used was the Honey-Alonso Learning Styles Questionnaire. Results and Discussion: Students of all genders predominantly displayed a Reflective learning style across all fields of knowledge, with the Active style being the least prevalent. The Reflective-Theoretical combination was the most dominant learning style. Correlations between Y1 and X3 , X4 revealed higher scores among Reflective learners. Relationships between Y1 and X1 , X2 showed a predominance of the Reflective style before and during lockdowns. After returning to in-person learning, the Reflective-Theoretical association became more prominent. A decline in reading speed (X3) and reading comprehension (X4) was observed over time. Conclusion: The findings indicate that certain fields of knowledge tend to favor specific cognitive learning style; learning styles shifted in trend and pattern across both genders during the transition from in-person to virtual learning; and negative correlations were found between learning style and the readingrelated variables during the study period. ©The authors ©Revista Complutense de Educación © Universidad Complutense de Madrid
: Introduction: Students develop cognitive preferences for learning. Empirical evidence suggests that the changes in educational modality brought about by the COVID-19 lockdowns have altered learning patterns. Consequently, a study aimed at optimizing academic processes is needed. General objective: To identify the cognitive learning preferences of first-year university students and examine their relationship with five variables: academic term (X1 ), field of knowledge (X2), reading speed (X3), reading comprehension (X4), and gender (X5), before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdowns. Method: Research was conducted between 2017 and 2024 at a university in Mexico City, involving 9,220 first-year students, (52,31 men and 47,69% women), from five fields of knowledge. The study followed a quantitative, non-experimental, and retrospective design with a correlational approach. The phenomenon was observed in its natural context without manipulating the variables. The instrument used was the Honey-Alonso Learning Styles Questionnaire. Results and Discussion: Students of all genders predominantly displayed a Reflective learning style across all fields of knowledge, with the Active style being the least prevalent. The Reflective-Theoretical combination was the most dominant learning style. Correlations between Y1 and X3 , X4 revealed higher scores among Reflective learners. Relationships between Y1 and X1 , X2 showed a predominance of the Reflective style before and during lockdowns. After returning to in-person learning, the Reflective-Theoretical association became more prominent. A decline in reading speed (X3) and reading comprehension (X4) was observed over time. Conclusion: The findings indicate that certain fields of knowledge tend to favor specific cognitive learning style; learning styles shifted in trend and pattern across both genders during the transition from in-person to virtual learning; and negative correlations were found between learning style and the readingrelated variables during the study period. ©The authors ©Revista Complutense de Educación © Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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How to cite
Meza Mejía M. d. C., Valadez García A. ., Rangel Barajas E. X. y Haro Álvarez M. F. (2025). Caracterización de la preferencia cognitiva para aprender de estudiantes universitarios de nuevo ingreso en Ciudad de México . Revista Complutense de Educación, 36(4), 433-446. https://doi.org/10.5209/rced.96433
