Sosa, Rodrigo

Preferred name

Sosa, Rodrigo

Official Name

Sosa Sánchez, Rodrigo

Alternative Name

rsosas

Main Affiliation

ORCID

0000-0003-2811-7289

Scopus Author ID

37102655300

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9

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Assessing acute effects of methylphenidate and modafinil on inhibitory capacity, time estimation, attentional lapses, and compulsive-like behavior in rats
(2025)
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Pedro Espinosa–Villafranca
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Pablo Saavedra
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María Elena Chávez–Hernández
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Perla Leal–Galicia
<jats:p>Medications known as ‘cognitive enhancers’ are increasingly being consumed off-label by healthy people, raising concerns about their safety. The aim of our study was to profile behavioral performance upon oral administration of methylphenidate (2.5 mg/kg) and modafinil (64 mg/kg) – two popular cognitive enhancers – and upon their discontinuation. We modeled cognitively demanding challenges in neurotypical individuals using a behavioral task where Wistar<jats:italic toggle="yes">–</jats:italic>Lewis rats had to withhold responses for a specified time to obtain food rewards. This task allowed us to extract several measures of behavioral performance associated with clinically meaningful indices, such as compulsive-like responding, incapacity to wait (impulsivity), time estimation (precision and accuracy), and attentional lapses. Our study design involved examining these behavioral indices in subjects administered either methylphenidate, modafinil, or vehicle. We found that subjects administered modafinil obtained fewer rewards and were less efficient in reward pursuing than the vehicle group; this result was likely due to a drug-induced inability to wait. Upon modafinil discontinuation, subjects earned more rewards but did not entirely catch up with the vehicle group. As for methylphenidate, neither favorable nor unfavorable effects were found in our main analyses. However, an exploratory analysis of changes in behavioral performance within sessions suggested that methylphenidate fostered favorable, yet short-lived, effects. We discuss our results in terms of the risks and cost-benefits of doses above or below the effective dose of cognitive enhancement drugs.</jats:p>
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Beyond belongingness: Rethinking innate behavioral predispositions, learning constraints, and cognitive capacities
(2022)
<jats:p> Learning is a major determinant of behavioral change for some organisms through their lifecycles. From an associative perspective, learning is assumed to occur whenever organisms experience particular statistical regularities in their environment; specifically, meaningful outcomes that follow certain cues or actions chiefly contribute to behavioral change. However, numerous empirical reports reveal that not all cue–outcome and action–outcome combinations are learned equally well, a phenomenon that is termed belongingness. Those reports are valuable as descriptive-level knowledge, but beg further considerations, like what is the origin, adaptive value of, and underlying mechanisms associated with the predisposition to couple particular events. Contrary to what is often assumed, the mere observation of learning predispositions says little as to whether they arise from genetics, are constrained by hardwired neural circuitries, or have been ecologically advantageous in an evolutionary timescale. The present paper aims to present a number of notions from different research fields outside the hard core of associative learning and, in so doing, provides elements for careful study and conceptualization of this issue. Thereafter, these notions are pooled to understand behavioral variation in a wide array of phenomena, thus, bringing a more informed approach to the nature versus nurture debate. </jats:p>
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Evaluating Future Thinking Priming Effects on Delay Discounting Among Young Adult Drinkers
(Universidad de San Buenaventura, 2025-11-20)
Frida García Rangel
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Hugo Reyes-Huerta
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Cristiano Valerio dos Santos
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Kalina Isela Martínez Martínez
<jats:p>The extent to which an individual prefers smaller immediate rewards over larger delayed rewards is referred to as delay discounting. Higher discounting is associatedwith addictive behaviors and reducing it may aid in their prevention or treatment. Consequently, interventions that decrease discounting—such as Future ThinkingPriming (FTP)—have attracted research interest; however, the literature on young adults with binge drinking remains scarce. This study aimed to evaluate theeffect of Future Thinking Priming (FTP) on delay discounting among individuals who engage in binge and low-risk drinking. We assessed delay discounting in 86participants divided into two groups (future-oriented priming or control), using a pretest-posttest design. The results did not provide evidence that FTP reducesdelay discounting in this sample. This null effect may reflect the fact that successful priming interventions are typically detected with large sample sizes, underscoring theneed to examine potential moderators such as self-efficacy and affective valence. Finally, we found a strong correlation between pretest and posttest discountingmeasures, consistent with studies characterizing delay discounting as a trait variable.</jats:p>
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Error Correction Dynamics in Rats’ Waiting Behaviors
(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2025-12-05)
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Pedro Espinosa-Villafranca
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Frida García-Rangel
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Emmanuel Alcalá
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Valeria Pérez-Treviño
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Agents organize their behavior based on temporal regularities. However, interval timing is far from perfectly calibrated. Each time an agent undertakes a timing attempt, it may deviate from an ideal temporal state, producing durations that fall either below or above it. To adjust behavior adaptively, agents are presumed to correct their timing by monitoring both current and past deviations from this ideal state. We tested this assumption using a differential-reinforcement-of-low-rates (DRL) task with rats, where rewards are given for waiting a minimum (target) time before a response. Our results show that subjects are relatively successful in sustaining waiting times above the target interval after two consecutive rewarded attempts. However, they tend to struggle to break out of a streak of premature responses following consecutive failures. Interestingly, after a win–fail sequence, subjects frequently correct the error, while a fail–win sequence tends to impede sustained waiting above the target time. Some of these behavioral dynamics predict individual differences in global indices, like mean waiting time (a proxy for inhibitory control), the spread of waiting times (a proxy for timing precision), and the number of rewards obtained. Nevertheless, these dynamics do not account for session-by-session performance fluctuations within subjects. Our findings that rats adjusted their timing performance based on previous trials demonstrated operationally defined error correction, providing implicit support for error monitoring. These trial-by-trial adjustments challenge theories that view timing attempts as randomly sampled from stationary distributions; instead, distributions of waiting times may emerge from continuous corrections of deviations from an ideal state. In addition, neither error correction nor adaptive adjustment was universally present in our data, suggesting that mechanisms beyond temporal error monitoring and reward maximization contribute to timing performance.</jats:p>
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Conditioned inhibition, inhibitory learning, response inhibition, and inhibitory control: Outlining a conceptual clarification.
(2022)
Scopus© Citations 7 44 2
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The nervous system as a solution for implementing closed negative feedback control loops
(2022)
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Emmanuel Alcalá
Scopus© Citations 2 5 1
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The Role of the Lateral Habenula in Inhibitory Learning from Reward Omission
(2021)
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Jesús Mata-Luévanos
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Mario Buenrostro-Jáuregui
Scopus© Citations 18 44 1
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The adaptive value of behavioral inhibition
(Elsevier BV, 2025-06)
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YEAB: YEAB Ease the analysis of behavior
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-06-16)
Emmanuel Alcalá
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Pablo Saavedra
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Frida García Rangel
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Víctor Reyes

Sosa, Rodrigo

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