Núm. 33 (2022) enero-junio

Leonardo Polo’s Transcendental Anthropology could be a substantial contribution to the foundation of «Education», that’s why it is pertinent to broaden its study and use it in the philosophy of education. Polo’s anthropology distinguishes in man a triple dimension: a) the human nature, composed of the body and the soul –with its faculties of intelligence and will– in a natural state; b) the human essence, consisting of the perfections acquired in nature –habits of the intelligence and virtues of the will– from the act of being through the innate habit of synderesis (the modern self); c) the personal act of being, composed by free coexistence, personal knowing and personal loving. Approaching issues of philosophy of education, Polo defines the educational task as «helping to grow», a notion he acquires from the Spanish edu-cator Tomás Alvira. Through a bibliographical review of Polo’s anthropological work, this concept of education is explored in depth. Analyzing the Polian writings, it is concluded that education must be developed from the person, because in this way, each man –unique and unrepeatable–, with the guidance and help of his educators, will be able to fulfill his intimate mission and grow in an unrestricted way in habits of the intelligence and virtues of the will.

The objective of this work is aimed at knowing and describing the social and technological conditions and inequalities, as well as some of the educational and emotional experiences of the young people of the Universidad Pedagógica Nacional Unidad 153, Ecatepec, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis starts from a structuralist constructivist perspective of Pierre Bourdieu and a mixed methodology based on a non-probabilistic sample for convenience and semistructured interviews. The implications of studying the degree in a non-face-to-face way, the material conditions and the perceptions of the students during confinement were analyzed. The results show that a large percentage of those surveyed have thought about abandoning their studies, given that the distance modality has been linked to other activities such as domestic activities and caring for relatives, as well as the lack of technological capital, income and the prevailing need to work, assuming different roles, in addition to that of students. On the other hand, the text highlights that studying at home had an influence on widening the inequality gaps as not everyone had the same tools and services; however, it triggered other learnings related to the use of educational platforms and contributed to building greater autonomy in learning. Therefore, this work exposes the different difficulties, inequalities, perceptions and emotional affectations that this student community faced, but also highlights the exercise of their autonomy around other learning that contributes to their professional training.

«Normal Schools» are higher education institutions responsible for the training of ele-mentary school teachers in Mexico. Since 2009 they have responded to a public policy established for the formation of Academic groups. These groups are made up of fulltime professors with common interests in disciplinary or multidisciplinary subjects to carry out collegiate research to generate and apply knowledge. The present study aims to analyze the contribution of collegiality for the production and dissemination of knowledge in Normal Schools’ Academic groups in the state of Puebla. With a qualitative-interpretive approach, five teachers from Academic groups from three Normal Schools were interviewed, considering collegiality, production, and dissemination of knowledge as analyzing categories. The findings show some characteristics of the collegiate culture (practices and strategies) that affect the knowledge generated within the Academic groups of the Normal Schools of the State of Puebla.

Reflection on issues related to moral education, not only in its theoretical conception, but in its implementation within the classroom, is essential for the right exercise of the teaching profession. For this reason, the contributions made by Aristotle and John Stuart Mill to moral education are analyzed to build a pedagogical reflection that facilitates the understanding of the moral development of students in the current educational context. From a philosophical perspective, an analytical method is used based on the study of the postulates of the ethics of virtue and utilitarianism; specifically on issues related to the moral development of subjects, happiness, or the importance of reasoning in the face of moral conflicts to understand what contributions can be applied to current education. The main conclusions drawn after the study are the importance of critically reflecting in schools on concepts such as prudence, virtue, happiness, or citizenship; as well as the richness that the incorporation of con-cepts such as virtue brings to the educational debate. In addition, developing virtues in the student body will allow them to know the good, wish it and practice it.

Lesson study (LS) is a teachers’ professional development practice with a Japanese origin that, at present, is practiced in more than 30 countries. Literature on LS acknowledges the works of Stigler and Hiebert and of Yoshida in 1999 as the origin of its internationalization. However, earlier studies described its practice and have mostly remained under the radar of LS previous research. This historical and documentary literature review sheds light on these previous studies describing LS, analyses their bibliometric relevance, and uncovers the first use of «lesson study» as the terminology adopted in the international literature. Results reveal eight studies clearly describing LS before 1999 and more oblique references in the 1980s. «Lesson study» appeared first in 1997, but we make the case for the previous use of other terminology. Findings also show that only those studies written by authors who later became key in the field of LS have received a high number of citations. These results bring attention to LS-related literature that has infrequently been cited, granting it recognition in the international history of LS, and expanding our current view in relation to its practice.

This article aims to diagnose Spanish Hospital Nursing School (SHNS) teachers ́ training necessities toward professionalization model, on the basis of the reflective practice in order to carry out in a future work. To reach the objective, questionnaires were applied to teachers and students regarding teaching at school, together with an extensive interview with tea-chers, with a qualitative approach expressing the meaning they give to their teaching prac-tice through their experience. It was posible to identify the teaching needs, demonstrating that it is important to develop a training program, obtaining relevant information: most of the teachers teach lectures despite of the fact that they motivate reflection and research; they would like to learn there flective practice model. With the perception that teachers have of themselves, their practice and their students, the implementation of the program will be favored since they have passion for teaching and demand, with great interest to train students in a comprehensive way not just academically

When reading, it is important to focus not only on how much of it is done, but on what is read and why; and think about whether the texts that have been read affect the humanisation process. Literature is a potential source of comprehensive education or integral development, since it encapsulates the culture and human condition. In the university context and in order to successfully implement activities that promote reading, it is essential to know the literary reading profile of students: how much they like and do read literature, the importance they give to reading literary works, how often they bring it to life and the extent in which they agree to participate in certain activities that promote the reading of literary works (if those are offered at their university). A quantitative study was conducted with a sample of 1,111 first semester students at a Private University in Mexico, through the design and application of a Likert-type survey. Hierarchical cluster analysis yields as a result three levels of literary reading profile according to the disposition of the students towards literature: low, medium and high. In general, it is important to implement activities that emphasize the transforming effect of literature and invite students to bring reading alive.

Prólogo

The research is based on a pedagogical proposal using radio as a school project in the Chibuleo Intercultural Bilingual Millennium Educational Unit, using participatory action research as a methodology that allowed a horizontal and collaborative relationship among all educational actors. In the different stages, research instruments such as the field diary, participant observation, documentary analysis guides and interviews were used; however, for the development of the proposal, Project Based Learning (PBL) was used, as proposed in the Manual for the elaboration of school projects in intercultural bilingual educational centers, provided by the Secretary of Intercultural Bilingual Education. Each step of this methodology has been adapted to the different phases that constitute the production of a radio program and in turn adapted to the virtual environment, built on the basis of collaborative work between teacher, student and community, thus fulfilling the objective of implementing an innovative strategy that strengthens digital skills, critical thinking and creativity in students.In conclusion, it can be affirmed that school radio is a pedagogical strategy that improves interdisciplinary learning, strengthening different abilities and skills throughout the project, such as its investigative role, collaborative work and its cultural and linguistic relevance, contributing to integral development. of the student and significantly contributing to the exit profile of the student of Intercultural Bilingual Education, therefore, this project is suitable for replication in other educational institutions.

The conception, design, and construction of classroom space in education has under-gone transformations throughout history; it has moved from a traditional space in which functionality, sunlight, ventilation, and scale were privileged, to another design under the COVID-19 context in which priority is given to flexibility, recalculation of capacity, air circulation and open spaces. The objective of this research is to conduct a systematic literature review that contemplates empirical research on classroom space configuration in education during the period from 2015 to 2021. The following were considered as inclusion criteria: articles addressing the topic of the classroom space for learning; publications between 2015-2021 and conducted in the context of Ibero America. The open access databases SCIELO, REDALYC and search engines such as INVENTIO were used. In total, a database of 111 articles was compiled, from which 18 selected articles were filtered based on the inclusion criteria. The results were analyzed based on the content analysis strategy. Eight of the research were identified from Spain, 3 from Mexico, 3 from Colombia, 1 from Peru, 1 from Ecuador, 1 from Venezuela and 1 from Panama. It is concluded that there is a need to create classroom spaces that meet the criteria of limited capacity and ventilation for the COVID-19 context without neglecting the use of strategies that promote collaborative learning.

The present research aimed to know the experiences that young university students expressed around the end of the degree, through the use of internet memes. I start from the qualitative methodology and a sociocultural approach to understand that social networks on the internet are contexts of digital social practice and that internet memes serve as mediating cultural artifacts. 10 students from the last semester of the psychology degree participated, with whom I conducted 46 participant obser-vation sessions, 104 digital observation sessions and two indepth interview sessions with each one. The findings indicate that young university students experience this transition process between leaving the university and entering the job market as a demand that represents great anguish and uncertainty and is accompanied by the difficulties involved in breaking with student life. They expressed tension in the process of ceasing to identify themselves only as students to begin to assume themselves as psychologists; as well as by interacting with family and social expectations regarding life after graduation. This was revealed by the use and dissemination of memes on the social network Facebook where they shared and elaborated these experiences and emotions. Point it towards the fundamental need to approach the experiences of young people to develop strategies that allow under graduates and graduates to live this process accompanied by considering the socioemotional elements involved in it.