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    Business Ethics As a Competitive Advantage in the Era of Digital Technologies
    (Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025)
    Casas-Martínez, María de la Luz
    We are in the era of digital technologies, which leads us to a deep reflection on its scope and challenges from an ethical perspective. All new knowledge is desirable because it is a product of intelligence, but science is applied to reality by humans, and as such has consequences that must be assessed within the framework of values. The purpose of this chapter is to articulate a reasoned defense of the proposition that Digitalization, Innovation, and Sustainability in Organizations represent a multifaceted reality that imperatively requires, for its legitimate fulfillment, adherence to principles of personal and corporate ethics. The objective of this reflection is focused on the consideration of the human being as an ethical entity and his congruent acting in all spheres of his life, which includes work, then the particularities of ethics in the digital era are considered, considering the UNESCO guidelines on digital technology. The methodological approach of this analysis is qualitative, based on introspection and critical evaluation of recognized sources in the fields of philosophy, ethics, bioethics, and the business sector. It concludes with the consideration of the business valuation of ethical acting as a competitive advantage in this digital era. ©The author ©Springer.
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    Digital Transformation and Innovation in Organizations : A Latin American Perspective
    (Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025)
    Terán-Bustamante, Antonia  
    ;
    Velázquez-Salazar, Marisol  
    ;
    Antonia Teran-Bustamante
    ;
    Marisol Velázquez Salazar  
    This volume discusses the intersection of digital transformation and innovation in firms, sectors, and regions in Latin America. It addresses the region’s labor market challenges in the advent of the digital era and the influences of AI. The chapters cover topics ranging from education, organizational culture, sustainability, ethics, and human resources. Exploring how digital and STEM literacies can serve as a tool for developing skills in organizations and emphasizing the need for human adaptability in the context of Industry 5.0, this book provides scholars with case studies to better understand the ongoing debates on labor market challenges. ©The authors ©Springer.
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    Transforming Surgical Training With AI Techniques for Training, Assessment, and Evaluation: Scoping Review
    (JMIR Publications Inc., 2025)
    Escobar Castillejos, David  
    ;
    Barrera Ánimas, Ari Yair  
    ;
    Noguez, Julieta
    ;
    Magana, Alejandra J.
    ;
    Benes, Bedrich
    Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has introduced novel opportunities for assessment and evaluation in surgical training, offering potential improvements that could surpass traditional educational methods. Objective: This scoping review examines the integration of AI in surgical training, assessment, and evaluation, aiming to determine how AI technologies can enhance trainees’ learning paths and performance by incorporating data-driven insights and predictive analytics. In addition, this review examines the current state and applications of AI algorithms in this field, identifying potential areas for future research. Methods: Following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines, the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies published between January 2020 and March 18, 2024. Eligibility criteria included English-language full-text articles that investigated the application of AI in surgical training, assessment, or evaluation; non-English texts, reviews, preprints, and studies not addressing AI in surgical education were excluded. After duplicate removal and screening, 56 studies were included in the analysis. Data were structured by categorizing studies according to surgical procedure, AI technique, and training setup. Results were synthesized narratively and summarized in frequency tables. Results: From 1400 initial records, 56 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most were journal articles (84%, 47/56), with the remainder being conference papers (16%, 9/56). AI was most frequently applied in minimally invasive surgery (27%, 15/56), neurosurgery (20%, 11/56), and laparoscopy (16%, 9/56). Common techniques included machine learning (20%, 11/56), clustering (14%, 8/56), deep learning (11%, 6/56), convolutional neural networks (11%, 6/56), and support vector machines (11%, 6/56). Training setups were dominated by simulation platforms (33%, 19/56) and box trainers (24%, 13/56), followed by surgical video analysis (16%, 9/56), and robotic systems such as the da Vinci platform (13%, 7/56). Across studies, AI-enhanced training environments provided automated skill assessment, personalized feedback, and adaptive learning trajectories, with several reporting improvements in trainees’ learning curves and technical proficiency. However, heterogeneity in study design and outcome measures limited comparability, and algorithmic transparency was often lacking. Conclusions: The application of AI in surgical training demonstrates the potential to enhance skill acquisition and support more efficient, personalized, and adaptive learning pathways. Despite encouraging findings, several limitations exist, including small sample sizes, the lack of standardized evaluation metrics, and insufficient external validation of AI models. Future studies should aim to clarify AI methodologies, improve reproducibility, and develop scalable, simulation-based solutions aligned with global education goals. ©The authors ©JMIR Publications Inc.
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    Inteligencia artificial (IA) y producción de conceptos en santo Tomás de Aquino
    (Universidad Panamericana, 2024-08-13)
    Ocampo Ponce, Manuel  
    El término de inteligencia artificial (IA) se ha estado utilizando para referirse a una tecnología que es capaz de imitar las operaciones cognoscitivas del ser humano mediante el uso de sistemas computacionales y programas informáticos. Sin embargo, es importante indagar si es correcto aplicar el calificativo de inteligencia a esa tecnología digital. Para lograr ese objetivo, consideramos oportuno aprovechar el análisis del proceso de abstracción y producción de conceptos expuesto por santo Tomás de Aquino, que nos permita conocer la naturaleza de la inteligencia humana y compararla con los procesos de la (IA). Santo Tomás sintetiza magistralmente el pensamiento clásico y cristiano occidental, ofreciendo fundamentos gnoseológicos que podemos utilizar para valorar lo que se ha llamado inteligencia artificial a la luz de la primera operación de la mente humana que es la simple aprehensión o abstracción.
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    Thematic mapping of artificial intelligence in management: A bibliometric approach using co-word analysis (2015–2024)
    (Pro-Metrics, 2025)
    Salgado-García, Jorge Arturo
    ;
    Terán-Bustamante, Antonia  
    ;
    Velázquez-Salazar, Marisol  
    Objective: The objective of this study was twofold: first, to map the main themes in the literature on artificial intelligence in management, and second, to explore the relationships between these themes. Design/Methodology/Approach: A co-word analysis was performed on 15,835 articles indexed in Scopus (2015–2024), with the author’s keywords in the field of administration constituting the unit of analysis. The semantic network under consideration was constructed using the 50 most frequent terms, applying normalization by association and the Walktrap algorithm for cluster detection. Results/Discussion: The results of the analysis indicated that the extant literature was organized around three thematic groups. The first of these focused on conversational interfaces, the second on digital transformation, and the third adopted a computational approach. The thematic structure identified reflected a field in the process of consolidation, with a predominance of technical approaches and limited functional specialization. Conclusion: Contemporary research endeavors prioritized methodological development over strategic implementation in particular organizational contexts. These findings underscored the necessity for more comprehensive approaches that articulated technology, management, and governance. Moreover, they called for a future agenda that was oriented toward its adoption from sociotechnical perspectives. ©The authors ©Iberoamerican Journal of Science Measurement and Communication (Revista Iberoamericana de Medición y Comunicación de la Ciencia) ©Pro Metrics.