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Infants prenatally exposed to SARS-CoV-2 show the absence of fidgety movements and are at higher risk for neurological disorders: A comparative study

2022 , Aldrete Cortez, Vania Rocío , Bobadilla, Liliana , Tafoya, Silvia A. , Gonzalez-Carpinteiro, Aline , Nava, Fernanda , Viñals, Carlos , Alvarado, Elsa , Mendizábal-Espinosa, Rosa , Gómez-López, María Eugenia , Ramírez-García, Luz Angélica , Perez-Miguel, Alejandro , Crovetto, Francesca

Congenital viral infections are believed to damage the developing neonatal brain. However, whether neonates exposed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) show manifestations of such damage remains unclear. For neurodevelopment evaluation, general movement assessments have been shown to be effective in identifying early indicators of neurological dysfunction, including the absence of fidgety movements. This study compared the early motor repertoire by general movement assessment at three to five months of age in neonates who were or were not prenatally exposed to SARS-CoV-2 to determine whether infants prenatally exposed to SARS-CoV-2 are at risk of developing neurological disorders. Fifty-six infants, including 28 in the exposed group of mothers without vaccination who had no need for intensive care and likely had SARS-CoV-2 infection close to the time of pregnancy resolution and 28 infants in the nonexposed group, were videotaped to compare their detailed early motor repertoires, in which a motor optimality score-revised (MOS-R) was calculated using Prechtl’s method by using the chi-square or Mann–Whitney U tests. In the exposed group, 3 (11%) infants showed the absence of fidgety movements with a total MOS-R<14 points, and 3 (11%) other infants showed abnormal fidgety movements. Between groups, atypical body symmetry (p = 0.009) and MOS-R values were significantly lower (Z = -3.08, p = 0.002), with a large size effect (Cohen’s d = 0.97). The consequences of this new virus go beyond the health of the pregnant mother, and these consequences in some of the infants in the exposed group are likely not transitory because of the absence of fidgety movements between 3–5 months; thus, these babies are at increased risk of developing a serious neurological disorder.

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Indicators of vulnerability associated with less healthy circadian rhythms in undergraduate medical interns

2019 , Tafoya, Silvia Aracely , Aldrete Cortez, Vania Rocío , Fossion, Rubén , Jaimes, Aurora Leonila , Fouilloux, Claudia

To evaluate the association between circadian health parameters and psychological and biological vulnerability, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 15 undergraduate medical interns using the Brief Resilience Scale, the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and an ambulatory circadian monitoring device. Circadian Health construct was confirmed by factor analysis. Vulnerability factors (history of depression and low resilience) were associated to lower circadian health of motor activity and temperature rhythms. The findings suggest that not only being depressed but also having had depressive episodes in the past, as well as having low resilience, are associated with chronodisruption, and may increase the risk for developing new episodes of depression.

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Comparación de síntomas de hiperactividad e inatención en adolescentes con y sin antecedentes de embarazo

2018 , Aldrete Cortez, Vania Rocío , Tafoya , Silvia A. , Meillon, Francisco , Poblano, Adrián , Ayala-Yáñez, Rodrigo , Mansilla-Olivares, Armando

Introducción: El embarazo adolescente ejerce un impacto negativo tanto en la salud de la madre como en la calidad de vida y desarrollo de sus hijos. Pese a su importante carga social, no se han explorado con detalle los factores conductuales que pueden favorecer su presencia. Objetivo: Comparar los síntomas de inatención e hiperactividad entre adolescentes con y sin antecedente de embarazo. Método: A 60 adolescentes se aplicó una ficha de datos sociodemográficos y el Cuestionario de Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (DDA) del Neuropsi, 30 casos y 30 controles. El DDA fue contestado por las propias adolescentes, así como por un familiar cercano (padre o pareja) y/o por un profesor del adolescente. Resultados: Desde la perspectiva de los otros (padres y profesores), las adolescentes con antecedentes de embarazo presentaron más síntomas de déficit de atención y mayor puntuación global de déficit de atención e hiperactividad (ambas con p ≤ 0.01). Asimismo, se encontró que la puntuación global del DDA se asoció con el embarazo adolescente (RM = 1.11, IC 95 % = 1.01-1.24, p = 0.036). Conclusiones: Los síntomas de déficit de atención e hiperactividad pueden representar otro factor asociado con el embarazo adolescente. Copyright: © 2018 Secretaría de Salud

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Fetal growth restriction: From Polyvagal theory to developmental impairments?

2019 , Aldrete Cortez, Vania Rocío , Poblano, Adrián , Tafoya, Silvia A. , Ramírez-García, Luz Angélica , Casasola, Cesar

Background The Polyvagal theory argues that behavioral modulation is a fundamental neurodevelopmental process that depends on autonomic regulation. Objective The present study aimed to assess sleep architecture in newborns with fetal growth restriction (FGR) using polysomnography as an indicator of Polyvagal theory. Methods We studied polysomnography recordings from 68 preterm infants, 34 with FGR and 34 born with appropriate growth for gestational age (AGA), who were matched according to the corrected age for prematurity (CA). Total sleep time, arousals, the percentage of quiet sleep, active sleep, indeterminate sleep, and heart rate were compared between the groups. Linear multiple regression analyses were used to evaluate polysomnography data for the FGR and AGA groups.

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Cardiac autonomic regulation as a proxy of early neurodevelopment: A systematic review

2024 , Aldrete Cortez, Vania Rocío , Silvia A. Tafoya

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Differential fetal growth rates mediated by sociodemographic factors in Yucatan, Mexico: an epidemiological study

2022 , Aldrete Cortez, Vania Rocío , Rendón Macías, Mario Enrique , Azcorra, Hugo , Salvador-Ginez, Octavio

Background: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) may be related to ethnicity. Additionally, ethnic groups experience adverse socioeconomic circumstances that increase FGR risk. However, the dearth of evidence of the interaction between socioeconomic factors and FGR highlights the need for additional research. Objective: To analyze the association between socioeconomic factors and FGR in Maya and non-Maya populations in Yucatan, Mexico. Methods: A total of 21,320 singleton births in 2017 in Yucatan were analyzed. The student’s t-test and the chi-square test were used to compare the means and proportions of maternal and perinatal variables between the FGR group and the birthweight appropriate for gestational age (AGA) group. Path analysis was performed to identify the direct and indirect effects of socioeconomic factors on FGR and mediators between predictors and FGR. © The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

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The Interactive Effect of Positive Mental Health and Subjective Sleep Quality on Depressive Symptoms in High School Students

2018 , Tafoya, Silvia A. , Aldrete Cortez, Vania Rocío

Objective/Background: The objective of this study was to observe the effect of positive mental health (PMH) and subjective sleep quality (SQ) on depressive symptoms in high school students. Participants: This cross-sectional study evaluated 2,186 students (55% female and 45% male) with a mean age of 16.8 years (SD ± 0.7) at 20 private high schools in Mexico City. Methods: An electronic survey was used, which included a questionnaire on sleep habits that is a Spanish-language adaptation of Rosenthal's Sleep-Wake Activity Inventory, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Morningness-Eveningness Scale for Children and Adolescents (MESC), the combined scales to evaluate positive aspects of mental health, and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).

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Cambio de horario, calidad de sueño y somnolencia excesiva diurna en universitarios

2024 , Adrián Poblano , Bernarda Téllez-Alanís , Aldrete Cortez, Vania Rocío

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Skin to skin care and heart rate regulation

2015 , Aldrete Cortez, Vania Rocío , Perapoch, Joseph , Poblano, Adrián

Dear Editor Recently we read the papers by Neu et al. and Mörelius et al. [1], [2]. Their research documented cortisol co-regulation between mothers and infants during skin to skin care (SSC). Even though both studies' results exhibited lower cortisol levels, in one study with marginal differences [1] and in the other, with significant differences [2] between a group of premature infants SSC treated, as compared to the standard care (SC) group, only Mörelius et al. found cortisol co-regulation at four months of age, as an index of neuro-endrocrine effect of SSC [2]. ©Early Human Development

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Sleep and Perceived Stress: An Exploratory Mediation Analysis of the Role of Self-Control and Resilience among University Students

2023 , Tafoya, Silvia Aracely , Aldrete Cortez, Vania Rocío , Tafoya-Ramos, Fabiola , Fouilloux-Morales, Claudia , Díaz-Olavarrieta, Claudia

Background: High levels of stress are frequent in university education, and a lack of sleep has been reported to make students more vulnerable to stress. The mechanisms through which sleep harms students have not been sufficiently clarified; therefore, this study aimed to explore the mediating role of self-control and resilience in the relationship between sleep quality and duration and perceived stress. Methods: Of 32 first-year college students, 21 (78%) were women, with a mean age of 18.47 (±0.84). They responded to a self-administered survey that included questions on stress, resilience, and sleep quality and recorded their daily sleep duration using a wristband for six days.