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    Critón 43b10-11: Πλημμελής: afinación y justicia
    (Coimbra University Press, 2026)
    Para Platón la música era un elemento indispensable en el desarrollo de la persona. A partir de ello, es común hallar en su obra expresiones como desafinado, desordenado o desarmónico al referirse al alma humana. En Critón encuentro que la traducción del vocablo griego πλημμελής ha sido imprecisa a lo largo de la historia de la filosofía. Normalmente traducido como absurdo o desconcertante, esta palabra, de corte musical, primeramente significa fuera de tono o desafinado. La modificación que sugiero, apoyándome en la noción tanto de armonía como de justicia en Platón, permite una lectura más fluida y certera, tanto del diálogo en cuestión, como de la obra entera de Platón. © El autor © Plato Journal. For Plato, music is a fundamental part of the development of every person. From that idea, it is common to find in his work expressions like out of tune, disordered or disharmonic when speaking about the human soul. In Crito, I find that the translations of the Greek word πλημμελής have been imprecise throughout the History of Philosophy. Normally, it has been translated as absurd or baffling, this word, which has a musical nuance, primarily means out of tune or off-key. The modification I propose, drawing on the notion of both harmony and justice in Plato, allows for a more fluent and accurate reading, both of the dialogue in question and of Plato’s work as a whole. © The author © Plato Journal.
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    La historiografía de la guerra cristera dentro de una historia oficial católica
    (Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia, 2024)
    González Morfín, Juan
    Después de un período en el que se prefirió apenas hablar del conflicto religioso conocido como guerra cristera, comenzaron a aparecer algunas obras firmadas por quienes habían participado, tanto del lado del gobierno como de las milicias cristeras. Estas narraciones se caracterizaron por un sesgo apologético y no pocas veces caían en visiones maniqueas. Aunque muchas de éstas contenían elementos testimoniales interesantes, no servían para hacerse cargo de la complejidad de lo acontecido. Coincidió con los inicios de la profesionalización de la historia en México que, prácticamente al mismo tiempo, varios autores mexicanos y extranjeros abordaron la temática cristera con una perspectiva diferente y acudiendo a las fuentes primarias. Con ello, se obtuvo una versión que descubrió la complejidad del problema y abrió un enorme número de líneas de investigación. Este trabajo está orientado a ilustrar cuál fue el recorrido de la historiografía hasta llegar al momento actual y cuáles fueron las características y las motivaciones de las diferentes etapas, así como las líneas de investigación que se han abierto en este campo. ©El autor ©Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia © Revista de Historia de América. After a period in which the religious conflict known as the Cristero is barely mentioned, some works signed by those who had participated, both on the side of the government and the Cristero militias, began to appear. These narratives were characterized by an apologetic bias and not infrequently fell into Manichaean views. Although many of these contained interesting testimonial elements, they did not serve to deal with the complexity of what happened. It coincided with the beginnings of the professionalization of history in Mexico that, practically at the same time, several Mexican and foreign authors approached the Cristero theme from a different perspective and resorting to primary sources. With this, a version was obtained that revealed the complexity of the problem and opened up a huge number of lines of research. This work is aimed at illustrating the path of historiography until reaching the present moment and what were the characteristics and motivations of the different stages, as well as the lines of research that have been opened in this field. ©El autor ©Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia © Revista de Historia de América.
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    Instrumental Reason, Technology, and Society
    (International Society for Universal Dialogue, 2023)
    Technological development is accompanied by a paradox: while it often promises enormous benefits for humanity, it can also lead to inconceivable tragedy, including the instrumentalization of the individual, growing social inequality, environmental impact, etc. What causes this paradox? a) Could it be that the nature of technology generates this contradiction? b) Is it the agent that uses it? c) Or is it the circumstances in which technology is used that determine its suitability or disservice? My aim in this paper is to revise nature, causes and political explanations of the paradox. To do so, the first section will give a historical overview of this phenomenon, the second will assess three proposals that attempt to explain its origin, and, finally, the paper will weigh such approaches from the view of the Frankfurt School. Evaluating the paradoxical conditions that surround technology allows us to better understand its role in our societies.
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    Grupo Bimbo: crecimiento y responsabilidad social
    (2014)
    Rábago Vargas, Cristel
      7
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    Introduction
    (2024-01-01) ;
    Rowland, Tracey
    ;
    de Assunção, Rudy Albino
      8
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    Violencia y legitimidad : análisis crítico sobre “violencia sistémica” en Theodor Adorno y Max Horkheimer
    (Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 2025)
    Systemic violence consists of aggressive treatment perpetually and subtly inflicted on individuals by individuals or groups. Such violence negatively affects the development of different social spheres. Since systemic violence is the result of rational planning, it is not perceived in its complexity either by those affected or by external agents. The purpose of the text is to discuss the reasons why this type of violence remains implicit. To this end, we will first discuss systemic violence and its types. In a second moment it will be argued that the reasons why this type of violence appears are due to the continued exercise of “instrumental reason” and “authoritarianism” (under the perspective of Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer). And, finally, it will be reviewed whether such analysis serves to understand the reasons for the occurrence of both types of systemic violence or only one of them. ©Author ©Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)
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