Escuela de Gobierno y Economía - CampCM

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Campus Ciudad de México

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How much do Mexicans pay for regulation in the transportation of oil products?
(EnPress Publisher, LLC, 2024)
Jiménez Pérez, Alan Israel
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Ortiz Arango, Francisco
The new oil derivatives transportation scheme proposed by the 2013 Mexican Energy Reform allowed new participants to enter the sector. The new legal framework requires fulfilling many requirements and corresponding duties for the transportation of oil products. The Mexican government already has an institution dedicated to measuring the regulatory cost of each federal procedure. This work aims to quantify the regulatory costs associated with the procedures and their compliance to obtain permits for transporting oil products by truck. We use the standard cost method to measure these costs, considering all associated costs. The results showed that two government offices did not adequately measure these costs. They did not consider relevant information on frequency and opportunity costs, resulting in undervaluation and leading to wrong expectations. As a result of this research, we provide a more accurate way of estimating these costs, which brings greater certainty in the budgeting of these projects and, therefore, increases the probability of survival and success. © Copyright (c) 2024 Alan Israel Jiménez-Pérez, Francisco Ortiz-Arango
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Áreas de oportunidad y propuesta de mejora del proceso de licitaciones petroleras en México mediante técnicas econométricas
(Pedro Ángel Avitúa Varela, 2021)
Avitúa Varela, Pedro Ángel
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Massa Roldán, Ricardo
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Reyes Pimentel, Alfonso
La presente tesis parte de la necesidad de estudiar y definir una estrategia para realizar rondas de licitación de áreas contractuales petroleras tomando como base los mecanismos de diseño de subastas y las variables con las que tanto el Estado como los licitantes consideran para las rondas de licitaciones. Utilizando como punto de partida los datos de las licitaciones llevadas a cabo en México, se analizaron los efectos de la implementación de mecanismos en las Rondas conforme se fueron implementando con el paso del tiempo. Como resultado del trabajo, se encontraron comportamientos y modelos cuyas variables son representativas para incentivar la participación en cada licitación
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Monetary Policy Committees, Independence, and Influence
(MDPI AG, 2026)
Colla-De-Robertis, Esteban
We develop a model of monetary policy committee decision-making, building on the framework of games played through agents (GPTA). Interest groups seek to influence policy by offering action-contingent contracts to committee members. The resulting equilibrium admits a simple characterization and shows how institutional features—such as committee size—shape the extent of external influence. When political pressure pushes for expansive and inflationary policy, larger committees can enhance de facto independence by diluting this influence. We also show that when anti-inflationary pressures dominate, an appropriate choice of committee size can replicate the preference shift towards more conservativeness familiar from delegation frameworks, even when it is not feasible to appoint a conservative central banker in a systematic way. ©The authors ©MDPI.
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Digitalization and Financial Inclusion in the Era of New Technologies
(Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025)
González Aguadé, Jaime
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Múzquiz Yaber, Ariel
Technological advances and digitalization have represented a paradigm shift in the way we interact with the world around us. Thanks to these advances, the financial sector has experienced a significant transformation, expanding the way it offers its services and products. The objective of this text is to examine how digitalization represents an important opportunity to increase the financial inclusion of the Mexican population. Promoting the use and access to the financial system through technology is a very important challenge and it must be everyone’s task to focus efforts so that it becomes a tool for social inclusion. However, it is important to keep in mind that this also entails some important challenges in terms of digital exclusion, information security and privacy, user protection, and regulatory issues. ©The authors ©Springer.
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El nuevo perfil del político
(Sandra Orcí Gutiérrez, 2018)
Orcí Gutiérrez, Sandra
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Lozano Díez, José Antonio
La filosofía moderna antepone la capacidad y eficacia al gobernar a la virtud de la filosofía clásica provocando una desintegración de las dimensiones del ser humano y de la política. Sin embargo, las ideas racionalistas no han cumplido las expectativas que suscitaron provocando una crisis de la modernidad y con ella una crisis del Estado. Ante ello, es necesario replantearse el perfil del político que requiere la sociedad actual. Esta tesis propone un nuevo perfil del político considerando ideas clásicas y modernas. El modelo se sustenta en las virtudes éticas y dianoéticas aristotélicas, base para poder alcanzar las virtudes directivas que permiten tener eficacia y eficiencia al gobernar.
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Water treatment and E. coli in drinking water: Household responses to (invisible) water quality risks
(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2026)
Kamei, Akito
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Soori, Bhowmik Sujey
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Grace Tshitangano, Takalani
Background: In 2024, an estimated 4 billion people lacked access to safely managed drinking water, with the greatest risks for vulnerable groups such as young children. The objective of this paper is to 1) document the share of households exposed to E. coli contamination at the water source, 2) examine whether households are more likely to treat their water when the source is E. coli contaminated, and 3) assess how household water treatment relates to E. coli levels in stored drinking water. Methods: This paper analyzes nationally representative Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) data from 59,633 households in low- and middle-income countries across 25 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, and Asia, all of which conducted standardized water-quality tests both at the source and in stored household drinking water. The main analysis documents how household water-treatment behavior differs by the level of E. coli contamination in their water source using regression methods by controlling for the country-specific fixed effects and household characteristics. Results: The study reveals that 78% of households do not treat their water, While 20% relying on sources with high E. coli contamination levels (>100 MPN/100 ml). Despite this risk, the presence of E. coli is positively associated with a higher likelihood of treating water by just 3 to 5 percentage points, depending on contamination levels, from an average baseline of 21%. The association is stronger in Latin America and weaker in Africa. Moreover, analysis of stored household drinking water reveals that a substantial share of households that report treating their water still exhibit moderate to high E. coli contamination in stored samples. Conclusion: Households’ water-treatment behavior shows only a modest association with the invisible risk of contamination, and many households still have E. coli contaminated drinking water even after treating it. These results highlight the need for WASH strategies that go beyond promoting access to treatment—specifically, strategies that inform households about contamination risks and emphasize correct and consistent application to ensure safe drinking water. ©The authors ©PLoS.
7 4Scopus© Citations 1
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In-line chlorination for drinking water in rural Odisha, India: A randomized controlled implementation trial
(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2026)
Lowe, Jeremy
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Prathap, Vaishnavi
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Kamei, Akito
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Giri, Sidhartha
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Sahoo, Krushna Chandra
In-line chlorination automatically treats drinking water in piped water systems, substantially reducing morbidity and mortality while averting the burden of water treatment on individuals. Approximately 2.3 billion people globally use fecally contaminated drinking water infrastructure that is potentially compatible with in-line chlorination. In India, the Ministry of Jal Shakti’s Jal Jeevan Mission has increased access to piped drinking water among rural households, but water is often supplied intermittently without treatment. The aims of this study were to 1) test installation and operations for two in-line chlorination devices (CTI-8 and PurAll 100), 2) evaluate acceptability and adoption of chlorinated water, and 3) assess reductions in drinking water fecal contamination, including with antibiotic resistant bacteria. We conducted a randomized controlled implementation trial of in-line chlorination in 20 villages in Rayagada district, Odisha, India over one year. Data collection included a baseline and post-intervention census (N = 914) and household surveys over six timepoints (N = 1,041) to assess water quality. In the treatment group, we detected chlorine in 51% of tap water samples; this prevalence rose to 78% after increasing the target dose. Despite taste complaints in treatment communities, participants continued using piped water as their primary drinking water source. Individuals in treatment villages spent less time manually treating their drinking water, a responsibility borne by women in 92% of households. Treatment reduced E. coli prevalence by 70% in tap water (95% CI: 54%, 80%) and by 47% in stored water (95% CI: 32%, 59%). Treatment also reduced the presence of antibiotic resistant E. coli by 67% in stored water (95% CI: 11%, 88%). In-line chlorination can improve water quality, lower the time burden of water treatment, and increase user adoption of chlorinated drinking water, but achieving this requires dedicated implementation and monitoring. © The authors © PLoS.
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Fondos de inversión contra derivados over-the-counter: evidencia de México
(Pablo Gerardo Velázquez Villa, 2024)
Velázquez Villa, Pablo Gerardo
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Cruz Aké, Salvador
El trabajo académico analiza las necesidades de las personas con autismo y los programas de intervención existentes en América, con la finalidad de proponer un programa de atención integral. Hace un recorrido histórico de los modelos de discapacidad, destacando las particularidades de cada uno de ellos. Se exploran también las características del TEA, su diagnóstico según el DSM-V y estrategias para la inclusión educativa. Por último, tras realizar un análisis de los programas de intervención existentes en América, se realiza una propuesta de un programa de intervención integral.
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Competencia y colusión en el mercado mexicano de gasolinas
(Edgar Ivan Faustino Cruz, 2025)
Faustino Cruz, Edgar Ivan
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Ramírez Sánchez, José Carlos
Este trabajo analiza el impacto de la competencia en el mercado mexicano de gasolina magna tras la reforma energética de 2013, centrándose en el periodo 2018-2021. Se examina la relación entre la densidad de competidores y los precios, utilizando un modelo de competencia monopolística que revela una reducción limitada de precios ante un aumento de gasolineras, destacando la influencia de agentes con mayor poder de mercado. Adicionalmente, se emplea un modelo Markov-switching para evaluar prácticas colusorias, encontrando que estas se intensifican en periodos de expansión económica, con precios más altos y menor variabilidad. La investigación evidencia que, aunque la competencia reduce precios, su efecto es contrarrestado por conductas anticompetitivas, subrayando la necesidad de fortalecer la supervisión regulatoria
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Administrative Moderation, the Art of Association, and Functional Pluralism
(Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025)
Martínez Hernández, Abraham
Democracies offer a true prospect for freedom to flourish, as long as people hold a correct understanding of what freedom entails. For Alexis de Tocqueville, the relationship between democracy and liberalism is hopefully inseparable, and potentially beneficial. But liberalism would have to be properly understood, in order for democracy to deliver on its genuine salutary potential. Not only would a liberal perspective promote the separation of powers, but it would also need to favor an idea of freedom that is more than a mere affirmation of individual autonomy. Unless a civic component is attached to the notion of freedom, any other conception would eventually result in self-enclosed citizens prone to succumb to new forms of tyranny in the shape, mainly, of administrative centralization. The true meaning and value of freedom, therefore, would have to be learned. Facilitating the conditions for freedom of association to develop is essential to doing so. Taking Tocqueville’s proposal as a starting point, I explore the role that administrative moderation plays in stimulating civic involvement at the most local levels. The latter, along with a committed safeguard of freedom of association, could begin to animate a revival of real sovereignty of the people. And with it, the development of functional pluralistic contemporary societies could be a reality. ©The author ©Springer.
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