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From Aristotle via Aquinas: Understanding Formal Cause in Marshall McLuhan’s Philosophy
(Intellect, 2017)
This book brings together a number of prominent scholars to explore a relatively under-studied area of Marshall McLuhan’s thought: his idea of formal cause and the role that formal cause plays in the emergence of new technologies and in structuring societal relations. ©The authors ©Intellect.
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Enaction of mestizo identity in Pedro Páramo: transgression as care for the embodied soul
(Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2025)
;
Carrillo, Juan Carlos
Juan Rulfo’s Pedro Páramo (1994 [1955]) is one of the milestones of Mexican literature and it holds an important place in the global canon of the twentieth century. Despite the wide spectrum of interpretative possibilities it offers, there are almost no studies of this important novel from the perspective of embodied cognition. This article draws on the vocabulary of contemporary philosophy to address this critical gap, deconstructing the full range of traditional binary oppositions articulated by Rulfo, which includes: body and mind, cognitive and moral, imaginative and perceptual, mystical and lived, freedom and responsibility, individual and social. However, to establish the relevancy of our chosen conceptual apparatus, we return to Aristotle to offer a novel interpretation which also allows us to situate and correlate both the universal (human) and particular (mestizo) projects laid out by the author of Páramo. We demonstrate both the usefulness of Aristotle’s universal descriptions of the human being and the shortcomings of their rationalism and optimism in the context of the postcolonial world. To modify and extend this adaptation we reflect further on the specific ‘movements’ of the mestizo soul, which privilege embodied moments of cognition and transgression as the proper care for the soul, a soul that embraces both individual and socio-cultural aspects. This finally allows us to address the question of how the post-logocentric enaction and mediation of mestizo identity is possible. ©The authors ©Filosofia Unisinos ©Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos. Pedro Páramo(1994 [1955]), de Juan Rulfo, é uma das obras mais emblemáticas da literatura mexicana e ocupa um lugar de destaque no cânone global do século XX. Apesar do amplo espectro de possibilidades interpretativas que oferece, há pouquíssimos estudos desta importante obra sob a perspectiva da cognição incorporada. Este artigo recorre ao vocabulário da filosofia contemporânea para abordar essa lacuna crítica, desconstruindo o conjunto de oposições binárias tradicionais articuladas por Rulfo, que inclui: corpo e mente, cognitivo e moral, imaginativo e perceptivo, místico e vivido, liberdade e responsabilidade, individual e social. Contudo, para fundamentar a relevância do aparato conceitual escolhido, retornamos a Aristóteles com o intuito de oferecer uma interpretação inovadora que também nos permita situar e correlacionar os projetos tanto universais (humanos) quanto particulares (mestiços) delineados pelo autor dePáramo. Demonstramos, por um lado, a utilidade das descrições universais aristotélicas sobre o ser humano e, por outro, suas limitações - notadamente o racionalismo e o otimismo - no contexto do mundo pós-colonial. Para modificar e expandir essa adaptação, refletimos sobre os movimentos específicos da alma mestiça, que privilegiam momentos corporificados de cognição e transgressão como formas próprias de cuidado da alma - uma alma que abarca aspectos individuais e socioculturais. Isso nos permite, por fim, abordar a questão de como se torna possível a enação e a mediação pós-logocêntrica da identidade mestiça. © Os autores ©Filosofia Unisinos ©Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos.
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Aristotle and New Spain
(Routledge, 2025-02-21)
;
González, Juan Carlos
This book is a detailed exploration of the Hispanic intellectual context and the different Aristotelian traditions that prevailed until the 16th century. Through a review and contextualisation of Aristotelian thinkers and texts, it argues that a unique Aristotelian tradition was formed in New Spain. The characteristic differences of Novohispanic Aristotelianism are a consequence of five factors: contact with the autochthonous cultures of America, the impact of the colonial organisation, the influence of the Salamanca humanist tradition, the presence of the Italian Aristotelianism of Renaissance translators in the university curricula and in the intellectual polemics of the time, and a peculiar assimilation of primitive and Old Testament Christianity in relation to indigenous people. This book analyses the works of Alonso de la Veracruz, Bartolomé de las Casas, Bernardino de Sahagún, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora, and Francisco Xavier Clavijero, reconsidering them in light of the history of ideas in New Spain and the contributions of Byzantine translators. It also offers a reflection on the problem of addressing Mexican colonial sources. This volume will be of interest to undergraduate and postgraduate philosophy students, as well as to researchers focused on Aristotle, Renaissance philosophy, or Latin American studies. ©The authors © Routledge
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Sense Perception and the Flourishing of the Human Person in von Hildebrand and the Aristotelian Traditions
(Universidad Panamericana. Facultad de Filosofía, 2018)
Spencer, Mark K.
El fenomenólogo Dietrich von Hildebrand arguye que las propiedades del mundo material sólo existen en relación con las personas, que la percepción sensible no es meramente un acto corporal, y que nuestro acto más perfecto no es únicamente intelectual, sino que involucra una percepción corporal. Considerado así por el mismo Hildebrand, su filosofía exige ser entendida dentro del contexto de la tradición de la filosofía católica; en este artículo me propongo explorar su visión del mundo material y de la percepción sensible en contraposición con dos vertientes de la tradición aristotélica en la filosofía católica, representadas por Tomás de Aquino, de un lado, y por Gregorio Palamás, del otro. Asimismo, muestro cómo la concepción que von Hildebrand tiene del mundo material y de la percepción sensible puede ser entendida, sus fundamentos fenomenológicos defendidos y sus deficiencias corregidas, a partir de la noción de energeiai de Palamás, y de las nociones de participación y potencia obediencial de Aquino.
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Aristotle’s Criticism of the Soul’s Self-Motion in DA I
(Universidad Panamericana. Facultad de Filosofía, 2024)
Sánchez Castro, Liliana Carolina
In this paper, I examine Aristotle’s position on the theory of the soul as a self-moving entity in the light of a less nega-tive conception of his discussion with his predecessors. For this purpose, I discuss the hypothesis according to which Aristotle is producing the concepts necessary for his own research through a critique of Plato’s claims. I show that, more than a criticism, what we are witnessing is a process of conceptual appropriation where Aristotle filters an opinion to make a better use of it. I sup-port my argument by showing how Aristotle’s exegetical device works and how it could be connected to his own definitional procedures in De Anima’s book II.
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The Relevance of Environmental Conditions as Causes for Animal Generation in Aristotle
(Routledge, 2023-01-01)
In this chapter, I argue against the misreading of Aristotle’s explanations about the influence of external conditions on generation. I address the relationship between celestial movements and sublunary living beings, emphasizing the natural tendency to regularity in the generative processes. The sun’s yearly cycle produces seasons that affect life and the generative predisposition of animals. The moon’s monthly cycle has an even more direct impact on the readiness of females for pregnancy. In a restricted scope, local environmental conditions prove to affect animals’ tempers, as well as some generative outcomes. Sex determination holds a notorious relation to the winds, which drives me to emphasize the influence of immediate environmental conditions along procreation. This last issue can only be thoroughly explained if there is a revision of the male’s contribution to the embryo. Provided that the male transmits the sensitive soul, the material aspect of his seed should also be considered, since important features of an animal depend on it and are susceptible to being affected by climate immediate conditions. Throughout the chapter, I compare some Aristotelian thesis to the Hippocratic text Airs, Waters, Places, since Aristotle incorporates some of its main ideas into his own generative theory. This also shows that, according to the Aristotelian works, environmental conditions belong to the scientific realm., even if secondary compared to form. ©Routledge
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Aristotle on the Efficiency of Accidental Causes
(Routledge, Taylor & Francis, 2023-01-01)
In this chapter, the author reviews Aristotle’s assertions throughout the Corpus about accidental causes to show that accidental causes are generally ineffective and therefore also epistemologically irrelevant. He shows that chance and luck constitute an exception to this rule, since Aristotle conceives of them as effective, although indeterminate, accidental causes. Before talking about accidental causes, it makes sense to clarify the notion of the accidental in general. Although someone unfamiliar with the art of gastronomy could produce a mouthwatering dish with beginner’s luck, if the people really want a mouthwatering dish, it is better to ask someone who has cultivated the art of producing mouthwatering dishes to make it. This is an aspect of the doctrine of chance to which attention is not always paid and that also contains the key to understanding the topic of the efficacy of this type of accidental cause. ©Routledge, Taylor & Francis.
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The non-aristotelian character of Aquinas's ethics : Aquinas on the passions
(Universidad Panamericana. Facultad de Filosofía, 2012)
Stump, Eleonore, 1947-
Aunque en muchas ocasiones se ha llegado a equiparar la filosofía tomista con un aristotelismo cristianizado, Eleonore Stump debilita este lugar común a través del desarrollo de las nociones de virtud y pasión dentro de la ética tomista, y comparándolas análogamente con sus contrapartes aristotélicas. La exposición de la teoría tomista de la virtud sirve como antesala para desarrollar la clasificación de las pasiones que santo Tomás presenta. Debido a sus diferentes culturas, una pagana y la otra cristiana, Aristóteles y Tomás de Aquino construyen dos aparatos teóricos diferentes dependientes de sus respectivas realidades fundamentales últimas: una metafísica no personal para el primero, y la Trinidad para el segundo. En el caso de Aquino, el perfeccionamiento de las virtudes y las pasiones no sólo depende de la racionalidad, sino que Dios juega un papel central a este respecto.
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Aristotle on becoming human
(Universidad Panamericana. Facultad de Filosofía, 2012)
Baracchi, Claudia
Este ensayo se enfoca en las reflexiones de Aristóteles sobre el ser humano - sobre la humanidad no como algo dado, sino como un hecho en devenir, entendido como una tarea. Resalto el trabajo constructivo involucrado en el proceso de llegar a hacerse humano, y muestro que, lejos de una construcción en su carácter meramente técnico-mecánico, está en juego un proceso formativo que en buena medida se desenvuelve en la oscuridad y carece de guías eidéticas claras. En efecto, es a través de dicho proceso, de semejante tanteo en la oscuridad, como se puede llegar a obtener, si es que esto es posible, claridad eidética. En el análisis del extraordinario artefacto que es el ser humano, discuto cuestiones relativas a la indemostrabilidad de los primeros principios, el carácter arquitectónico de la ética y su función fundamental respecto a las demás empresas humanas incluyendo las disciplinas científicas (la ética como filosofía primera), la relación entre constitución humana y naturaleza, y problemas sobre la libertad, la autorrealización y la autosuperación.
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Akrasia and ordinary weakness of will
(Universidad Panamericana. Facultad de Filosofía, 2012)
Radoilska, Lubomira
Este artículo ofrece una explicación de la noción de akrasia como una falla primaria de la acción intencional, por oposición con una reciente propuesta sobre la debilidad de la voluntad desarrollada por Richard Holton, que también apunta a un tipo de falla en la acción intencional, pero la presenta tanto separada de la akrasia como más fundamental que ella. Con base en la obra de Aristóteles, se arguye aquí que la falla en la agencia articulada por el concepto de akrasia es el problema central, mientras que el fenómeno tras el cual va la descripción de Holton, denominado ‘debilidad ordinaria de la voluntad’, se entiende mejor como un intento frustrado de explicar la akrasia y, más específicamente, como una falla secundaria de la agencia intencional.
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