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Who Holds the Reins of Power in Chaos? Military Involvement and the Emergence of a De Facto State of Exception in Mexico
(Universidad Panamericana, 2025-03-04)
Torres-Checa, Daniel E.
Mexico’s public security has been progressively moving towards militarization for at least eighteen years. The army’s participation, previously reserved for war and exceptional junctures, has normalized. This article critically reviews the military’s role in Mexico’s bloodshed and human rights crisis during the 2006-2024 period. I argue that the ongoing phenomenon has perpetuated the cycle of violence, threatened democratic standards, and severely impacted human rights. In this framework, I question whether the policy of militarization can be placed in the context of a de facto state of exception. My aim, in short, is to assess the ways in which militarization reinforces exceptionality and how they both signal a counter-phenomena to human rights.
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From experiment to strategy: use of TikTok by the local Spanish press between 2021 and 2024
(Escuela de Comunicación - CampCM, 2025-09-11)
Sidorenko-Bautista, Pavel
;
Herrranz-de-la-Casa, José María
;
Alonso López, Nadia
The rise of TikTok has prompted journalists and media outlets to experiment with its short-form video format. The main goal of this paper is to analyze the presence, activity, and narrative strategies of Spanish local media on TikTok between 2021 and 2024, noting that at the start of this period, only 2.83% of 705 Spanish local newspapers had active profiles on TikTok. Content production was limited and inconsistent, with many profiles remaining inactive for long stretches. Non-journalistic content, such as advertising and humor, was mixed with journalistic posts, events, and social news. Most publishers have struggled to adapt to TikTok’s format, often relying on static images or repurposing existing content. However, some have employed innovative strategies like satire and collaborations with local creators. Limited resources and an aging audience were identified as potential obstacles. A comparative analysis updated in December 2024 showed mixed results: some media outlets have maintained or grown their presence on TikTok, while others have stagnated or exited the platform. The study concludes that TikTok presents both opportunities and challenges for local journalism, as it requires resources, creativity, and adaptability to attract younger audiences. This involves engaging a global audience with content of local interest and informing emerging viewers who now depend on this platform as their main source of information.
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Mapping international research in Cinema, Audiovisual, and Animation: A metric study in Scopus
(Escuela de Comunicación - CampCM, 2025-08-06)
Dias Medeiros, Thaís
;
Souza Vanz, Samile Andréa de
This article maps out the international scientific output in Cinema, Audiovisual, and Animation in the Scopus database. It uses bibliometrics as its methodological approach. Our research identified a diversity of publication languages, with English being the most commonly used language. The article was the dominant documentary typology, followed by the review, which may indicate a publication trend in the area. Among the publication vehicles, journals from the United Kingdom and Spain stand out. The countries with the highest number of publications in Cinema, Audiovisual, and Animation differ from the general ranking, and Brazil and Spain stand out when it comes to publications on the topic. It is concluded that production in the area, which began in 1980, has been growing slowly but steadily, especially since the 2000s, predominantly in the areas of Arts and Humanities, and Human Sciences. This research presents a broad and international view of the topic and suggests new studies in other databases as well as in specific countries.
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Rawlsianism and what is urgent
(Universidad Panamericana, 2024-08-15)
Camacho-Beltrán, Enrique
In Justice as Fairness: A Restatement, Rawls asserted that his conception of justice should provide guidance for a non-ideal theory of real-world injustices. Nonetheless, he established at the same time an enigmatic limit to his framing in which neither po-litical philosophy nor justice as fairness should be understood as applied approaches. It is unclear how guidance against real-world injustices is possible, since it would presumably require insights into applied ethics. This paper focuses on drafting a possible alter-native by offering a partially comprehensive reconstruction of the reasonable as a virtue. The hope is to use the virtue of reasonable citizens to transfer Rawlsian ponderations into a special kind of applied ethics controversies concerned with urgent public debates and resistance politics. The idea of this construction is to allow the virtue of the reasonable to establish a standard for citizen conduct
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Accelerating research processes with Scopus AI: A place branding case study
(Universidad Panamericana, Escuela de Comunicación, 2024)
Aguilera-Cora, Elisenda
;
Carlos Lopezosa
;
Fernández-Cavia, José
;
Codina, Lluís
Academic databases play a crucial role in advancing science by hosting a vast array of peer-reviewed literature. However, academic database search tools involve a relatively slow and rather unintuitive process of searching and evaluating content. To address these challenges, in January 2024, Elsevier introduced Scopus AI, a generative artificial intelligence that synthesises evidence indexed in Scopus based on prompts. This study assesses the utility of Scopus AI (in its beta version at the time of the research), within the context of a doctoral thesis through a specific case study. By employing a relational prompt and three follow-up questions, the study aims to pinpoint intersections between different topics within the realm of Social Sciences and, more specifically, Communication, with a case on place branding. The consolidated result provides an initial list of references, offers a comprehensive overview, and allows to generate a meta-synthesis based on the summaries provided by each prompt. Scopus AI (beta) presents features that enable researchers to identify influential authors and works, explore relevant keywords, review recent literature, and identify potential research gaps. Although Scopus AI has some limitations, such as the dependence on the abstracts of documents indexed in Scopus, the simplification of concepts, or the relative disconnection between arguments, the results demonstrate the value of this tool in accelerating research processes, as it synthesises research in a given area, maps its main characteristics and allows for information discovery.
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From a historical hero/Demigod/Titan to an Influencer. The Influence of heroes on the young generation—the Polish perspective. An introduction to research
(Universidad Panamericana, Campus Aguascalientes, 2024-01)
Chołaszczyński, K.
;
Kaleta, M.
Para los jóvenes, prácticamente no hay distinción entre una celebridad y una autoridad, un semidiós yuna persona influyente. En la práctica, los héroes históricos son casi desconocidos en muchas conversaciones. Por otro lado, los influencers populares son completamente ajenos a la generación de más edad. Se observa un cierto caos definitorio entre la juventud polaca contemporánea. En este artículo, queremos presentar conceptos definitorios básicos que son un ejemplo del cambio generacional. En nuestra opinión, el cambio de significado del concepto de héroe se capta mejor en una generación de jóvenes que probablemente entienden el concepto de héroe de forma diferente a como se entendía hace 30 o 40 años. El método de investigación será un cuestionario, y la herramienta de investigación será uncuestionario por internet. El grupo de investigación se seleccionará intencionadamente, con un mínimo de 30 encuestados de entre 19 y 24 años, utilizando los nuevos medios de comunicación. Los datos recogidos se analizarán cuantitativa y cualitativamente. Cabe destacar que la investigación realizada sobre un grupo seleccionado a propósito no puede generalizarse a toda la población. Sin embargo, arrojará luz sobre la forma de cambiar el significado de este concepto y la percepción de los héroes contemporáneos, que a menudo se identifican con los influencers.
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Ver como no podemos
(Universidad Panamericana. Facultad de Filosofía, 2020)
Postlethwaite, Carlos Alejandro
La creencia de que el pato-conejo de Jastrow (J) es un dibujo tanto de la cabeza de un pato como un dibujo de la cabeza de un conejo viola el principio de no contradicción (LNC), como lo hace también la creencia de que J parece algo distinto de todo lo que J pueda parecer. Llamemos B1 a la primera creencia y B2 a la segunda. Yo argumento que B1 y B2 son creencias racionales, aunque contradictorias, y concluyo que debemos reconsiderar el estatus del LNC como requisito fundamental para la racionalidad. En contraste con B1 y B2, nuestras experiencias correspondientes de J sí cumplen con el LNC. Es decir, no podemos ver J como un pato y como un conejo al mismo tiempo (E1), ni J parece algo distinto de lo que J nos pueda parecer (E2). Puesto que no hay una explicación satisfactoria respecto de por qué no podemos ver J como las contradicciones E1 o E2 (a pesar de que nuestras creencias correspondientes sobre J son las contradicciones B1 y B2), yo propongo que el LNC es tan sólo una hipótesis empírica acerca de los límites de nuestra percepción.
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“Padre, perdónalos, porque no saben lo que hacen”: el problema de la responsabilidad moral de los verdugos de Jesús en un escenario sin posibilidades alternativas
(Universidad Panamericana. Facultad de Filosofía, 2021)
Mina Vargas, Andersson
Si se interpreta la condena y crucifixión de Jesucristo en clave de omnisciencia divina luterana y ausencia de posibilidades alternativas, surgiría una aparente contradicción en cuanto a la responsabilidad moral y los deberes de sus verdugos israelitas: ¿cómo sostener su responsabilidad moral si no contaban con posibilidades alternativas y si al parecer, de acuerdo con la primera palabra en la cruz, no sabían lo que hacían? Y ¿cómo atribuirles deberes que no podían cumplir? Esto se puede encarar desde una perspectiva semicompatibilista de la responsabilidad moral, y argumentar que: 1) la ausencia de posibilidades alternativas y la ignorancia no excluyen el que los verdugos puedan ser considerados moralmente responsables por la crucifixión de Cristo, y 2) la imposibilidad de cumplir con ciertos deberes no implica que los verdugos no tuviesen dichos deberes y que no puedan ser considerados moralmente responsables por su incumplimiento.
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The Suffering of Invertebrates: An Approach from Animal Ethics
(Universidad Panamericana. Facultad de Filosofía, 2021)
Villamor Iglesias, Alejandro
Los animales invertebrados son comúnmente vistos como una suerte de “aliens” que no merecen ninguna consideración moral. No obstante, una creciente cantidad de evidencias nos indica que muchos de ellos poseen la capacidad de experimentar dolor. Los mismos criterios que son normalmente empleados para inferir que los vertebrados son seres sintientes (respuesta conductual, capacidad de aprendizaje, memoria, una estructura neurofisiológica concreta…) nos conducen a la idea de que muchos invertebrados son igualmente sintientes. Por ende, bajo la premisa escéptica de que no tenemos ninguna evidencia directa de la experiencia del dolor en vertebrados, estamos forzados a mantener que ésta existe tanto en vertebrados como en invertebrados.
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Self-Consciousness and the Priority Question: A Critique of the “Sensibility First” Reading of Kant
(Universidad Panamericana. Facultad de Filosofía, 2022)
Ellis, Addison
This essay presents a critique of what Robert Hanna has re-cently called the “sensibility first” reading of Kant. I first spell out, in agreement with Hanna, why the contemporary debate among Kant scholars over conceptualism and non-conceptu-alism must be understood only from within the perspective of what I dub the “priority question”—that is, the question wheth-er one or the other of our “two stems” of cognition may ground the objectivity and normativity of the other. I then spell out why the priority question may be asked only from within the per-spective of self-consciousness. Specifically, the central issue to be dealt with is how what Kant calls the original combination of understanding and sensibility is a synthesis internal to an act of self-consciousness. Only then can we ask what that original synthesis might tell us about the possibility of prioritizing one capacity over another in a story of cognition generally. Once we see the central issue more clearly, then I will look at the “sen-sibility first” view in its most general form and propose that it should be criticized for its failure to account for Kant’s notion of an objective unity of self-consciousness
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